{"doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19463.1","title":"The Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) Trial: Protocol for school-age follow-up","abstract":"<ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Background</ns3:bold> : There is a need for follow-up of early-life stunting intervention trials into childhood to determine their long-term impact. A holistic school-age assessment of health, growth, physical and cognitive function will help to comprehensively characterise the sustained effects of early-life interventions. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Methods:</ns3:bold> The Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial in rural Zimbabwe assessed the effects of improved infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and/or improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) on stunting and anaemia at 18 months. Among children enrolled to SHINE, 1,275 have been followed up at 7-8 years of age (1,000 children who have not been exposed to HIV, 268 exposed to HIV antenatally who remain HIV negative and 7 HIV positive children). Children were assessed using the School-Age Health, Activity, Resilience, Anthropometry and Neurocognitive (SAHARAN) toolbox, to measure their growth, body composition, cognitive and physical function. In parallel, a caregiver questionnaire assessed household demographics, socioeconomic status, adversity, nurturing, caregiver support, food and water insecurity. A monthly morbidity questionnaire is currently being administered by community health workers to evaluate school-age rates of infection and healthcare-seeking. The impact of the SHINE IYCF and WASH interventions, the early-life ‘exposome’, maternal HIV, and contemporary exposures on each school-age outcome will be assessed. We will also undertake an exploratory factor analysis to generate new, simpler metrics for assessment of cognition (COG-SAHARAN), growth (GROW-SAHARAN) and combined growth, cognitive and physical function (SUB-SAHARAN). The SUB-SAHARAN toolbox will be used to conduct annual assessments within the SHINE cohort from ages 8-12 years. </ns3:p> <ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Ethics and dissemination:</ns3:bold> Approval was obtained from Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (08/02/21) and registered with Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry ( <ns3:ext-link xmlns:ns4=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" ns4:href=\"https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=16147\">PACTR202201828512110</ns3:ext-link> , 24/01/22). Primary caregivers provided written informed consent and children written assent. Findings will be disseminated through community sensitisation, peer-reviewed journals and stakeholders including the Zimbabwean Ministry of Health and Child Care. </ns3:p>","journal":"Wellcome Open Research","year":2023,"id":365806,"datarank":0.29188652235829704,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9578,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":813792,"name":"Clever Mazhanga","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813797,"name":"Marian Mwapaura","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813793,"name":"Gloria Mapako","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813794,"name":"Idah Mapurisa","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813795,"name":"Tsitsi Mashedze","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813796,"name":"Eunice Munyama","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122057,"name":"Maria Kuona","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122058,"name":"Thombizodwa Mashiri","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122059,"name":"Kundai Sibanda","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122060,"name":"Dzidzai Matemavi","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122061,"name":"Monica Tichagwa","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122062,"name":"Soneni Nyoni","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122063,"name":"Asinje Saidi","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1122064,"name":"Manasa Mangwende","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813798,"name":"Dzivaidzo Chidhanguro","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":813799,"name":"Eddington Mpofu","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":502283,"name":"Joice Tome","orcid":null,"position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":346614,"name":"Batsirai Mutasa","orcid":null,"position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345427,"name":"Bernard Chasekwa","orcid":"0000-0001-8080-7573","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":472226,"name":"Melanie Smuk","orcid":null,"position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":352811,"name":"Laura E. 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