{"doi":"10.1261/rna.080198.124","title":"Branch site recognition by the spliceosome","abstract":"<jats:p>The spliceosome is a eukaryotic multimegadalton RNA–protein complex that removes introns from transcripts. The spliceosome ensures the selection of each exon-intron boundary through multiple recognition events. Initially, the 5′ splice site (5′ SS) and branch site (BS) are bound by the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U2 snRNP, respectively, while the 3′ SS is mostly determined by proximity to the branch site. A large number of splicing factors recognize the splice sites and recruit the snRNPs before the stable binding of the snRNPs occurs by base-pairing the snRNA to the transcript. Fidelity of this process is crucial, as mutations in splicing factors and U2 snRNP components are associated with many diseases. In recent years, major advances have been made in understanding how splice sites are selected in<jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</jats:italic>and humans. Here, I review and discuss the current understanding of the recognition of splice sites by the spliceosome with a focus on recognition and binding of the branch site by the U2 snRNP in humans.</jats:p>","journal":"RNA","year":2024,"id":622366,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1160233,"name":"Jonas Tholen","orcid":"0000-0002-0789-2692","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Branch site recognition by the spliceosome","abstract":"<jats:p>The spliceosome is a eukaryotic multimegadalton RNA–protein complex that removes introns from transcripts. The spliceosome ensures the selection of each exon-intron boundary through multiple recognition events. Initially, the 5′ splice site (5′ SS) and branch site (BS) are bound by the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U2 snRNP, respectively, while the 3′ SS is mostly determined by proximity to the branch site. A large number of splicing factors recognize the splice sites and recruit the snRNPs before the stable binding of the snRNPs occurs by base-pairing the snRNA to the transcript. Fidelity of this process is crucial, as mutations in splicing factors and U2 snRNP components are associated with many diseases. In recent years, major advances have been made in understanding how splice sites are selected in<jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</jats:italic>and humans. Here, I review and discuss the current understanding of the recognition of splice sites by the spliceosome with a focus on recognition and binding of the branch site by the U2 snRNP in humans.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39187383","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4401934438","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.6462,"citation_percentile":0.66176994,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://rnajournal.cshlp.org/content/30/11/1397.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"http://rnajournal.cshlp.org/content/30/11/1397.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1261/rna.080198.124","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.080198.124","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39187383","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11482624","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11482624/pdf/1397.pdf","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["RNA Research and Splicing","RNA modifications and cancer","RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms"],"mesh_terms":["Humans","Introns","Protein Binding","RNA Splicing","RNA, Small Nuclear","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Spliceosomes","Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear","Ribonucleoprotein, U2 Small Nuclear","RNA Splice Sites"],"keywords":["snRNP","Spliceosome","RNA splicing","Biology","Intron","Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein","Genetics","Small nuclear RNA","Minor spliceosome","Splice site mutation","Ribonucleoprotein","Splicing factor","Exon","Prp24","Polypyrimidine tract","Computational biology","RNA","Gene","Non-coding RNA"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-03T19:20:21.970398Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}