{"doi":"10.1259/bjr.20220049","title":"Is there any additional benefit of <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET on radiotherapy target volume definition in patients with glioblastoma?","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To investigate the contribution of <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Gallium (<jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga)-PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) positron emission tomography (PET) in defining radiotherapy (RT) target volume for glioblastoma and to compare the target volumes defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> RT planning Computed Tomography (CT) images were fused separately with pre-operative MRI and PET/MRI images of 10 glioblastoma patients, retrospectively. The contrast-enhanced area in T <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> weighted MRI was contoured as gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV1) was obtained by including the cavity and T2/FLAIR hyperintense areas after giving a margin of 2 cm to the GTV. <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA uptake area was contoured as biological tumor volume (BTV) and CTV2 was obtained with a margin of 2 cm to BTV. Planning target volumes (PTVs) were created with the 3 mm added to the CTVs. Conformity index (CI), dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and overlap volume (OV) were calculated by obtaining the intersection and union volumes. Volumetric comparison, similarity and overlap analyzes were performed statistically by Wilcoxon signed rank and One sample t-test. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The median GTV was 21,96 cc (1,04 – 82,04) and BTV was 25,58 cc (2,43 – 99,47). BTV was on average 47% larger than GTV which was statistically significant (p = 0.03). For GTV-BTV, CTV1-CTV2 and PTV1-PTV2; mean values of CI were 0,56, 0,76 and 0,76; DSC were 0,70, 0,86 and 0,86; OV were 0,88, 0,94 and 0,94, respectively. There was no significant difference on size and spatial similarity between CTV1 and CTV2, PTV1 and PTV2. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Altough BTV was larger than GTV, this significance was lost while we gave the same CTV margin including the peripheral edema. It seems that it may help to improve defining non-enhancing tumor part and also recurrent tumor volume. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Advances in knowledge:</jats:title><jats:p> Recent studies have focused on the role of <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA PET in imaging of glial tumors. It has been observed that <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA PET can clearly define the tumor borders and it can be beneficial in target volume delineation, especially in reirradiation of recurrent tumors. </jats:p></jats:sec>","journal":"The British Journal of Radiology","year":2022,"id":633761,"datarank":0.3453877639491069,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1643322,"name":"Elife Akgun","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643323,"name":"Sabri Sirolu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643324,"name":"Gunay Can","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643325,"name":"Haluk Burcak Sayman","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643326,"name":"Fazilet Oner Dincbas","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":652286,"name":"Merve Şahin","orcid":"0000-0003-3858-8332","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Is there any additional benefit of <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA PET on radiotherapy target volume definition in patients with glioblastoma?","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To investigate the contribution of <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Gallium (<jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga)-PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) positron emission tomography (PET) in defining radiotherapy (RT) target volume for glioblastoma and to compare the target volumes defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> RT planning Computed Tomography (CT) images were fused separately with pre-operative MRI and PET/MRI images of 10 glioblastoma patients, retrospectively. The contrast-enhanced area in T <jats:sub>1</jats:sub> weighted MRI was contoured as gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical target volume (CTV1) was obtained by including the cavity and T2/FLAIR hyperintense areas after giving a margin of 2 cm to the GTV. <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA uptake area was contoured as biological tumor volume (BTV) and CTV2 was obtained with a margin of 2 cm to BTV. Planning target volumes (PTVs) were created with the 3 mm added to the CTVs. Conformity index (CI), dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and overlap volume (OV) were calculated by obtaining the intersection and union volumes. Volumetric comparison, similarity and overlap analyzes were performed statistically by Wilcoxon signed rank and One sample t-test. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The median GTV was 21,96 cc (1,04 – 82,04) and BTV was 25,58 cc (2,43 – 99,47). BTV was on average 47% larger than GTV which was statistically significant (p = 0.03). For GTV-BTV, CTV1-CTV2 and PTV1-PTV2; mean values of CI were 0,56, 0,76 and 0,76; DSC were 0,70, 0,86 and 0,86; OV were 0,88, 0,94 and 0,94, respectively. There was no significant difference on size and spatial similarity between CTV1 and CTV2, PTV1 and PTV2. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Altough BTV was larger than GTV, this significance was lost while we gave the same CTV margin including the peripheral edema. It seems that it may help to improve defining non-enhancing tumor part and also recurrent tumor volume. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Advances in knowledge:</jats:title><jats:p> Recent studies have focused on the role of <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA PET in imaging of glial tumors. It has been observed that <jats:sup>68</jats:sup>Ga-PSMA PET can clearly define the tumor borders and it can be beneficial in target volume delineation, especially in reirradiation of recurrent tumors. </jats:p></jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"35993417","pmcid":"PMC9793479","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4292603396","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":1.0883,"citation_percentile":0.77642233,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2024,"count":5},{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9793479","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9793479","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.birpublications.org/doi/pdf/10.1259/bjr.20220049","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20220049","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35993417","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications","Humans","Male","Gallium Radioisotopes","Glioblastoma","Retrospective Studies","Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","Positron-Emission Tomography","Tumor Burden","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Radiopharmaceuticals","Gallium Isotopes"],"mesh_terms":["Gallium Isotopes","Gallium Radioisotopes","Glioblastoma","Humans","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Male","Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","Retrospective Studies","Radiopharmaceuticals","Tumor Burden","Positron-Emission Tomography"],"keywords":["Nuclear medicine","Medicine","Magnetic resonance imaging","Radiation therapy","Radiosurgery","Glioblastoma","Radiation treatment planning","Positron emission tomography","Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery","Radiology"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T12:37:21.246435Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}