{"doi":"10.1242/jeb.59.1.53","title":"Sensory Mechanisms in <i>Paramecium</i>","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Small, brief mechanical stimuli were delivered with a microstylus to the surface of Paramecium caudatum bathed in solutions of 1 mM-CaCl2, 1 mM KC1 +1 mM Tris HC1, pH 7 2. Stimulation of the caudal end produced a graded hyperpolarizing receptor potential which reached a maximum within 50 msec and decayed more slowly. The input conductance at the peak of the caudal receptor potential increased to a value of at least 6 times that of the resting membrane. The potential diminished in amplitude when the membrane was hyperpolarized by injected d.c. current, and reversed sign with sufficient hyperpolarization. The reversal potential in a solution of 1 mM-CaCl2 + 4 mM-KCl was − 37 mV, while the resting potential was − 20 mV. The peak of the receptor potential was shifted about + 50 mV per 10-fold increase in extracellular K+. C−and Ca2+ and other cations produced little or no shift in the potential peak of the response. It is concluded that mechanical stimulation of the caudal surface produces a local increase in conductance, predominantly to K+. Extracellular tetraethylammonium converts the normally hyperpolarizing receptor potential to a depolarization similar to the potential produced in response to mechanical stimulation of the anterior surface. The TEA effect is antagonized by calcium ions.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Experimental Biology","year":1973,"id":675846,"datarank":5.869909235634011,"base_score":4.304065093204169,"endowment":4.304065093204169,"self_citation_contribution":0.6456097639806255,"citation_network_contribution":5.224299471653385,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6456097639806255,"citer_contribution":5.224299471653385,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":73,"citer_count":71,"citers_with_citation_signal":69,"citers_with_endowment":69,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1765885,"name":"Roger Eckert","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1765881,"name":"Yutaka Naitoh","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Sensory Mechanisms in <i>Paramecium</i>","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Small, brief mechanical stimuli were delivered with a microstylus to the surface of Paramecium caudatum bathed in solutions of 1 mM-CaCl2, 1 mM KC1 +1 mM Tris HC1, pH 7 2. Stimulation of the caudal end produced a graded hyperpolarizing receptor potential which reached a maximum within 50 msec and decayed more slowly. The input conductance at the peak of the caudal receptor potential increased to a value of at least 6 times that of the resting membrane. The potential diminished in amplitude when the membrane was hyperpolarized by injected d.c. current, and reversed sign with sufficient hyperpolarization. The reversal potential in a solution of 1 mM-CaCl2 + 4 mM-KCl was − 37 mV, while the resting potential was − 20 mV. The peak of the receptor potential was shifted about + 50 mV per 10-fold increase in extracellular K+. C−and Ca2+ and other cations produced little or no shift in the potential peak of the response. It is concluded that mechanical stimulation of the caudal surface produces a local increase in conductance, predominantly to K+. Extracellular tetraethylammonium converts the normally hyperpolarizing receptor potential to a depolarization similar to the potential produced in response to mechanical stimulation of the anterior surface. The TEA effect is antagonized by calcium ions.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.304065093204169,"endowment":4.304065093204169,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"26207759","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1917307447","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.9308,"citation_percentile":0.66569626,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":2},{"year":2013,"count":1},{"year":2014,"count":1},{"year":2015,"count":1},{"year":2016,"count":2},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article-pdf/59/1/53/2402422/jexbio_59_1_53.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.59.1.53","host_type":"journal"}],"fields_of_study":["Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research","Neuroscience and Neural Engineering"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Membrane potential","Receptor potential","Tetraethylammonium","Depolarization","Hyperpolarization (physics)","Reversal potential","Biophysics","Stimulation","Resting potential","Extracellular","Chemistry","Conductance","Electrophysiology","Paramecium","Receptor","Anatomy","Potassium","Neuroscience","Biology","Biochemistry","Patch clamp","Stereochemistry","Physics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-17T01:47:00.304859Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}