{"doi":"10.1212/wnl.33.11.1444","title":"Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis","abstract":"One method of evaluating the degree of neurologic impairment in MS has been the combination of grades (0 = normal to 5 or 6 = maximal impairment) within 8 Functional Systems (FS) and an overall Disability Status Scale (DSS) that had steps from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to MS). A new Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is presented, with each of the former steps (1,2,3 . . . 9) now divided into two (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 . . . 9.5). The lower portion is obligatorily defined by Functional System grades. The FS are Pyramidal, Cerebellar, Brain Stem, Sensory, Bowel & Bladder, Visual, Cerebral, and Other; the Sensory and Bowel & Bladder Systems have been revised. Patterns of FS and relations of FS by type and grade to the DSS are demonstrated.","journal":"Neurology","year":1983,"id":1709,"datarank":33.488439923327626,"base_score":9.605957144029533,"endowment":9.605957144029533,"self_citation_contribution":1.4408935716044302,"citation_network_contribution":32.0475463517232,"self_endowment_contribution":1.4408935716044302,"citer_contribution":32.0475463517232,"corpus_percentile":99.6,"corpus_rank":540,"citation_count":14852,"citer_count":200,"citers_with_citation_signal":200,"citers_with_endowment":200,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1983-11-01","authors":[{"id":19322,"name":"John F. Kurtzke","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":14,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}