{"doi":"10.1210/jendso/bvae045","title":"Bone Density in Transgender Youth on Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy","abstract":"Abstract Some transgender youth are treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) followed by testosterone or estradiol, which may impact bone mineral density (BMD). This cross-sectional study of transgender youth (n = 56, aged 10.4-19.8 years, 53% assigned female at birth [AFAB]) utilized total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to evaluate BMD Z-scores, and associations between GnRHa duration, body mass index (BMI), and BMD. Participants on GnRHa alone (n = 19, 14 assigned male at birth [AMAB], 5 AFAB) at the time of the study visit were 13.8 [12.8, 15.3] (median [IQR]) years old, had been on GnRHa for 10 [5.5, 19.5] months, and began GnRHa at age 12 [10.4, 12.6] years. Total body BMD Z-score for individuals on GnRHa monotherapy was −0.10 [−0.8, 0.4] (AFAB, female norms) and −0.65 [−1.4, 0.22] (AMAB, male norms). AFAB participants (n = 21) on testosterone were age 16.7 [15.9, 17.8] years, had been on testosterone for 11 [7.3, 14.5] months, and started testosterone at age 16 [14.8, 16.8] years; total body BMD Z-score −0.2 [−0.5, 0] (male norms) and 0.4 [−0.2, 0.7] (female norms). AMAB participants (n = 16) were age 16.2 [15.1, 17.4] years, had been on estradiol for 11 [5.6, 13.7] months, and started estradiol at age 16 [14.4, 16.7] years; total body BMD Z-score −0.4 [−1.1, 0.3] (male norms) and −0.2 [−0.7, 0.6] (female norms). BMD Z-score was negatively correlated with GnRHa duration (male norms: r = −0.5, P = .005; female norms: r = −0.4, P = .029) and positively correlated with BMI (male norms: r = 0.4, P = .003; female norms: r = 0.4, P = .004). In this cross-sectional cohort, total body BMD Z-scores were slightly below average, but lowest in the AMAB group on GnRHa monotherapy.","journal":"Journal of the Endocrine Society","year":2024,"id":453434,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9517,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1115660,"name":"Samantha Bothwell","orcid":"0000-0002-1616-8137","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254437,"name":"Megan M. Kelsey","orcid":"0000-0002-0755-1951","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1275953,"name":"S. Nina","orcid":"0009-0006-3143-7725","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235340,"name":"Kerrie L. Moreau","orcid":"0000-0001-9298-047X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7391,"name":"Kristen J. Nadeau","orcid":"0000-0002-0477-3356","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":441863,"name":"Micol S. Rothman","orcid":"0000-0002-4577-6801","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":497788,"name":"Natalie Nokoff","orcid":"0000-0002-9190-3947","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":469620,"name":"Micaela Kalani Roy","orcid":"0000-0002-1045-6752","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":18,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:02:58.784290Z","pmid":"38562129","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}