{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgae594","title":"Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on β-Cell Function in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Time-restricted eating (TRE), which consists of restricting the eating window to typically 4 to 8 hours (while fasting for the remaining hours of the day), has been proposed as a nonpharmacological strategy with cardiometabolic benefits but little is known about its metabolic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated whether TRE can improve pancreatic β-cell function and metabolic status in overweight individuals with early T2DM.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a randomized, crossover trial, 39 participants (mean 2.9 years of diabetes duration, baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 6.6% ± 0.7% and body mass index [BMI] 32.4 ± 5.7) were randomly assigned to either an initial intervention consisting of 6 weeks of TRE (20 h-fasting/4 h-eating) or standard lifestyle. The primary outcome of β-cell function was assessed by the Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2 (ISSI-2) derived from an oral glucose tolerance test.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As compared to standard lifestyle, TRE induced a 14% increase in ISSI-2 (+14.0 ± 39.2%; P = .03) accompanied by a 14% reduction of hepatic insulin resistance as evaluated by HOMA-IR (−11.6% [−49.3 to 21.9]; P = .03). Fasting glucose did not differ between interventions, but TRE yielded a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c (−0.32 ± 0.48%; P &amp;lt; .001). These metabolic improvements were coupled with a reduction of body weight of 3.86% (−3.86 ± 3.1%; P &amp;lt; .001) and waist circumference of 3.8 cm (−3.8 ± 7.5 cm; P = .003).</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TRE improved β-cell function and insulin resistance in overweight patients with early diabetes, accompanied by beneficial effects on adiposity.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism","year":2025,"id":611161,"datarank":0.44166584687496613,"base_score":2.9444389791664403,"endowment":2.9444389791664403,"self_citation_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":34493,"name":"Bernard Zinman","orcid":"0000-0002-0041-1876","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1571701,"name":"Denice S Feig","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1090387,"name":"Ravi Retnakaran","orcid":"0000-0003-1989-027X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1571700,"name":"Caroline Kaercher Kramer","orcid":"0000-0003-1064-0100","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on β-Cell Function in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Time-restricted eating (TRE), which consists of restricting the eating window to typically 4 to 8 hours (while fasting for the remaining hours of the day), has been proposed as a nonpharmacological strategy with cardiometabolic benefits but little is known about its metabolic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated whether TRE can improve pancreatic β-cell function and metabolic status in overweight individuals with early T2DM.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a randomized, crossover trial, 39 participants (mean 2.9 years of diabetes duration, baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 6.6% ± 0.7% and body mass index [BMI] 32.4 ± 5.7) were randomly assigned to either an initial intervention consisting of 6 weeks of TRE (20 h-fasting/4 h-eating) or standard lifestyle. The primary outcome of β-cell function was assessed by the Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2 (ISSI-2) derived from an oral glucose tolerance test.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As compared to standard lifestyle, TRE induced a 14% increase in ISSI-2 (+14.0 ± 39.2%; P = .03) accompanied by a 14% reduction of hepatic insulin resistance as evaluated by HOMA-IR (−11.6% [−49.3 to 21.9]; P = .03). Fasting glucose did not differ between interventions, but TRE yielded a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c (−0.32 ± 0.48%; P &amp;lt; .001). These metabolic improvements were coupled with a reduction of body weight of 3.86% (−3.86 ± 3.1%; P &amp;lt; .001) and waist circumference of 3.8 cm (−3.8 ± 7.5 cm; P = .003).</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TRE improved β-cell function and insulin resistance in overweight patients with early diabetes, accompanied by beneficial effects on adiposity.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.8903717578961645,"endowment":2.8903717578961645,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39193706","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4401953391","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":4.1011,"citation_percentile":0.95072214,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":7},{"year":2026,"count":10}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1210/clinem/dgae594/59054279/dgae594.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/110/6/e2045/59054279/dgae594.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae594","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39193706","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Dietary Effects on Health","Circadian rhythm and melatonin","Enhanced Recovery After Surgery","Humans","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Insulin-Secreting Cells","Male","Female","Middle Aged","Cross-Over Studies","Insulin Resistance","Fasting","Glycated Hemoglobin","Overweight","Adult","Blood Glucose","Body Mass Index","Aged","Glucose Tolerance Test","Time Factors"],"mesh_terms":["Adult","Aged","Blood Glucose","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Fasting","Female","Glucose Tolerance Test","Glycated Hemoglobin","Humans","Insulin Resistance","Male","Middle Aged","Time Factors","Body Mass Index","Cross-Over Studies","Overweight","Insulin-Secreting Cells"],"keywords":["Type 2 diabetes","Randomized controlled trial","BETA (programming language)","Diabetes mellitus","Medicine","Internal medicine","Psychology","Endocrinology","Computer science","Body weight","Insulin resistance","abdominal obesity","Β-cell Function","Metabolic Health","Intermittent Fasting","Time-restricted Eating"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-01T16:06:32.442662Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}