{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgae469","title":"Prospective, Longitudinal Study of Cancer Predictors and Rates in a New York City Cohort of 598 Patients With Acromegaly","abstract":"CONTEXT: Long-term growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) excess could increase the risk of cancer in acromegaly, but individual levels of these hormones do not relate to this risk. OBJECTIVE: We newly investigated longitudinally-measured IGF-1 levels as a potential predictor of cancer in a large New York City acromegaly cohort. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study of 598 acromegaly (309 men, 289 women) and 292 clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (CNFPA) (140 women, 152 men) patients from the same underlying population. GH and IGF-1 levels were measured longitudinally and outcomes were observed during long-term follow-up. Cumulative exposure to IGF-1 excess was tested as a predictor of cancer. We compared cancer prevalence in acromegaly and CNFPA cohorts and incidence in each to that expected from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. RESULTS: Cancer prevalence by last follow-up was 22.6% in acromegaly and 12.7% in CNFPAs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.99 [95% CI, 1.34-2.97]) (P = .0005). Overall standardized incidence ratio for cancer was 1.78 (1.51-1.81) in the acromegaly and 1.26 (0.89-1.70) in the CNFPA cohorts. Cumulative exposure to IGF-1 excess, OR = 1.278 (1.060-1.541) (P = .01), years from acromegaly diagnosis to cancer or last follow-up, OR = 1.03 (1.004-1.057) (P = .024), and age at follow up, OR = 1.064 (1.047-1.082) (P < .001), were predictors of cancer. CONCLUSION: Cancer risk is increased in acromegaly, but not in CNFPA patients. Cumulative exposure to IGF-1 excess is a predictor of cancer in acromegaly. Our data suggest that cancer risk in acromegaly relates to the degree and duration of IGF-1 excess and that full appreciation of this risk requires long-term follow up.","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","year":2024,"id":428619,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6824,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":226738,"name":"Jeffrey N. Bruce","orcid":"0000-0002-6844-0286","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237788,"name":"Zhezhen Jin","orcid":"0000-0002-3801-0680","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1230746,"name":"Jane Kostadinov","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":365467,"name":"Alexander G. Khandji","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364067,"name":"Serge Cremers","orcid":"0000-0002-6800-5532","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364068,"name":"Kalmon D. Post","orcid":"0000-0003-1587-9479","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364066,"name":"Pamela U. Freda","orcid":"0000-0002-1818-0762","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":42,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:02.165535Z","pmid":"38986012","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}