{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgac003","title":"Inflammation and Mortality in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes","abstract":"CONTEXT: COVID-19 mortality is increased in patients with diabetes. A common hypothesis is that the relationship of inflammation with COVID-19 mortality differs by diabetes status. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of inflammation with mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients and to assess if the relationship differs by strata of type 2 diabetes status. METHODS: A case-control (died-survived) study of 538 COVID-19 hospitalized patients, stratified by diabetes status, was conducted at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. We quantified the levels of 8 cytokines and chemokines in serum, including interferon (IFN)-α2, IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IFNγ-induced protein 10 (IP10)/CXCL10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) using immunoassays. Logistic regression models were used to model the relationships of log-transformed inflammatory markers (or their principal components) and mortality. RESULTS: In multiple logistic regression models, higher serum levels of IL-6 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:1.74, 95% CI [1.48, 2.06]), IL-8 (aOR: 1.75 [1.41, 2.19]) and IP10 (aOR: 1.36 [1.24, 1.51]), were significantly associated with mortality. This association was also seen in second principal component with loadings reflecting similarities among these 3 markers (aOR: 1.88 [1.54-2.31]). Significant positive association of these same inflammatory markers with mortality was also observed within each strata of diabetes. CONCLUSION: We show that mortality in COVID-19 patients is associated with elevated serum levels of innate inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and inflammatory chemokines IL-8 and IP10. This relationship is consistent across strata of diabetes, suggesting interventions targeting these innate immune pathways could potentially also benefit patients with diabetes.","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","year":2022,"id":280282,"datarank":0.3596842909197557,"base_score":2.3978952727983707,"endowment":2.3978952727983707,"self_citation_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8602,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":225923,"name":"Wen-Hsuan W. Lin","orcid":"0000-0002-5414-7900","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105375,"name":"Jason Zucker","orcid":"0000-0001-6987-6412","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":721708,"name":"Renu Nandakumar","orcid":"0009-0009-9273-504X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246804,"name":"Anne‐Catrin Uhlemann","orcid":"0000-0002-9798-4768","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":477753,"name":"Shuang Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-1693-6888","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":68445,"name":"Rupak Shivakoti","orcid":"0000-0002-2773-9310","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":731122,"name":"Jia Guo","orcid":"0000-0002-9774-9856","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:28:59.341002Z","pmid":"34999821","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}