{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgab636","title":"U-shaped Association Between Dietary Zinc Intake and New-onset Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study in China","abstract":"AIMS: We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset diabetes among Chinese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 16 257 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes, or fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, or glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset diabetes. RESULTS: A total of 1097 participants developed new-onset diabetes during a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years. Overall, the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset diabetes followed a U-shape (P for nonlinearity < 0.001). The risk of new-onset diabetes was significantly lower in participants with zinc intake < 9.1 mg/day (per mg/day: hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60-0.88), and higher in those with zinc intake ≥ 9.1 mg/day (per mg/day: HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.13). Consistently, when dietary zinc intake was assessed as deciles, compared with those in deciles 2-8 (8.9 -<12.2 mg/day), the risk of new-onset diabetes was higher for decile 1 (<8.9 mg/day: HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.04-1.62), and deciles 9 to 10 (≥12.2 mg/day: HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.38-1.90). Similar U-shaped relations were found for plant-derived or animal-derived zinc intake with new-onset diabetes (all P for nonlinearity < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There was a U-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset diabetes in general Chinese adults, with an inflection point at about 9.1 mg/day.","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","year":2021,"id":168755,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":30,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9344,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":651575,"name":"Huan Li","orcid":"0000-0003-0662-6939","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":698328,"name":"Mengyi Liu","orcid":"0009-0008-9149-3272","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320410,"name":"Zhuxian Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-7504-0758","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320412,"name":"Yuanyuan Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-9894-248X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320409,"name":"Chun Zhou","orcid":"0009-0009-0575-4841","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321925,"name":"Qinqin Li","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":698329,"name":"Chengzhang Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-6408-7518","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320414,"name":"Xianhui Qin","orcid":"0000-0001-7812-7982","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320411,"name":"Panpan He","orcid":"0000-0003-4238-5837","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":36,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:06.853307Z","pmid":"34448874","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}