{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgab595","title":"Associations of Endogenous Hormones With HDL Novel Metrics Across the Menopause Transition: The SWAN HDL Study","abstract":"CONTEXT: Novel metrics of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (subclasses, lipid content, and function) may improve characterization of the anti-atherogenic features of HDL. In midlife women, changes in these metrics vary by time relative to the final menstrual period (FMP), supporting a contribution of estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). OBJECTIVE: We tested associations of endogenous E2 and FSH with novel HDL metrics and assessed whether these associations varied by time relative to FMP. METHODS: This study was a longitudinal analysis from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) HDL study, using a community-based cohort of 463 women, baseline mean age 50.2 (2.7) years. The main outcome measures were HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (HDL-CEC), HDL phospholipids (HDL-PL), HDL triglycerides (HDL-Tg), HDL particles (HDL-P), HDL size, and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). RESULTS: In multivariable analyses, E2 was positively associated with HDL size, large HDL-P, HDL-CEC, and HDL-Tg, but negatively with medium HDL-P (P values < 0.05). The positive association between E2 and HDL-Tg was stronger 2 years post-FMP than before, (interaction P = 0.031). FSH was positively related to total and medium HDL-P, but negatively to HDL size, large HDL-P, and HDL-CEC per particle (P values < 0.05). Associations of higher FSH with greater total HDL-P and smaller HDL size were only evident at/after menopause (interaction P values < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Some of the associations linking E2 and FSH with novel HDL metrics were vulnerable to time relative to menopause onset. Whether a late initiation of hormone therapy relative to menopause could have a detrimental effect on lipid content of HDL particles should be tested in the future.","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","year":2021,"id":197603,"datarank":0.903197738045882,"base_score":2.639057329615259,"endowment":2.639057329615259,"self_citation_contribution":0.3958585994422889,"citation_network_contribution":0.5073391386035931,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3958585994422889,"citer_contribution":0.5073391386035931,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":10,"citers_with_citation_signal":6,"citers_with_endowment":6,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9463,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":309259,"name":"Alexis Nasr","orcid":"0000-0001-7573-3282","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":448502,"name":"Jeffrey T. Billheimer","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309260,"name":"Maria M. Brooks","orcid":"0000-0002-2030-7873","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310178,"name":"Dan McConnell","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309262,"name":"Sybil L. Crawford","orcid":"0000-0001-6621-0439","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309261,"name":"Trevor J. Orchard","orcid":"0000-0001-9552-3215","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":33004,"name":"Daniel J. Rader","orcid":"0000-0002-9245-9876","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288210,"name":"Karen A. Matthews","orcid":"0000-0002-5121-3765","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309258,"name":"Samar R. El Khoudary","orcid":"0000-0003-2913-0821","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:50:23.532351Z","pmid":"34390340","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}