{"doi":"10.1210/clinem/dgaa865","title":"Appetite-Regulating Hormones Are Reduced After Oral Sucrose vs Glucose: Influence of Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Sex","abstract":"CONTEXT: Fructose compared to glucose has adverse effects on metabolic function, but endocrine responses to oral sucrose vs glucose is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: We investigated how oral sucrose vs glucose affected appetite-regulating hormones, and how biological factors (body mass index [BMI], insulin sensitivity, sex) influence endocrine responses to these 2 types of sugar. DESIGN: Sixty-nine adults (29 men; 23.22 ± 3.74 years; BMI 27.03 ± 4.96 kg/m2) completed the study. On 2 occasions, participants consumed 300-mL drinks containing 75 g of glucose or sucrose. Blood was sampled at baseline, 10, 35, and 120 minutes post drink for plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1)(7-36), peptide YY (PYY)total, and acyl-ghrelin measures. Hormone levels were compared between conditions using a linear mixed model. Interaction models were performed, and results were stratified to assess how biological factors influence endocrine responses. RESULTS: Sucrose vs glucose ingestion provoked a less robust rise in glucose (P < .001), insulin (P < .001), GLP-1 (P < .001), and PYY (P = .02), whereas acyl-ghrelin suppression was similar between the sugars. We found BMI status by sugar interactions for glucose (P = .01) and PYY (P = .03); obese individuals had smaller increases in glucose and PYY levels after consuming sucrose vs glucose. There were interactions between insulin sensitivity and sugar for glucose (P = .003) and insulin (P = .04), and a sex by sugar interaction for GLP-1 (P = .01); men demonstrated smaller increases in GLP-1 in response to oral sucrose vs glucose. CONCLUSION: Sucrose is less efficient at signaling postprandial satiation than glucose, and biological factors influence differential hormone responses to sucrose vs glucose consumption.","journal":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","year":2020,"id":80770,"datarank":0.5890658785513134,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"self_citation_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citation_network_contribution":0.17317757021534613,"self_endowment_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citer_contribution":0.17317757021534613,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":12,"citers_with_citation_signal":8,"citers_with_endowment":8,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9603,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02945475"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":418318,"name":"Shan Luo","orcid":"0000-0002-2317-8990","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418319,"name":"Sabrina Jones","orcid":"0000-0001-8253-5145","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":419222,"name":"Hilary M. Dorton","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383164,"name":"Jasmin M. Alves","orcid":"0000-0002-0837-9858","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418320,"name":"Brendan Angelo","orcid":"0000-0003-3558-2840","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383166,"name":"Alexis DeFendis","orcid":"0000-0003-3439-0257","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370819,"name":"Trevor A. Pickering","orcid":"0000-0002-2281-641X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418321,"name":"John Monterosso","orcid":"0000-0002-5613-3182","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383167,"name":"Kathleen A. Page","orcid":"0000-0002-9083-6615","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383165,"name":"Alexandra G. Yunker","orcid":"0000-0002-1997-4775","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:51:58.988919Z","pmid":"33300990","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}