{"doi":"10.1200/jco.22.01268","title":"Clarifying the Equivocal Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 2: Still a Work in Progress","abstract":"Kremer et al 1 reported on a clinical trial (CONCERVE Study) to monitor women diagnosed with biopsyproven cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 (CIN2) or 3 (CIN3; CIN2/3), rather than immediate treatment of the abnormality by surgical excision. The aim of the study was to reflect clinical practice to gain insight into the real-world impact of a wait-and-see policy for CIN2/3. They found a high percentage of CIN2/3 regressed clinically, defined as histologically confirmed absence of CIN2 or worse (CIN21) or an human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative cliniciancollected sample with normal cytology in case histology was absent and no histologic diagnosis of CIN21 during further follow-up. CIN2/3 was more likely to regress if it was negative for FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation compared with those who were positive (74.7% v 51.4%, respectively, P 5 .014), leading the authors to suggest that FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation testing could support a wait-and-see policy in women with CIN2/3. However, conflation of CIN2 and CIN3, study biases, and their definition of regression may lead to misinterpretation of their results. First, it is well established that CIN2 and CIN3 carry very different risks of invasive cancer. CIN2 is a poorly reproducible category that includes manifestations of HPV infections and some early abnormalities that is known to be highly regressive, especially in young women. 2 Meanwhile, CIN3 is considered cervical precancer and presents a high risk of developing into invasive cervical cancer if untreated. 3 Indeed, there is broad consensus that CIN31 (v CIN21) should be used as primary end point for studies of natural history, screening, and management.","journal":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","year":2022,"id":291410,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9589,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":50161,"name":"Nicolas Wentzensen","orcid":"0000-0003-1251-0836","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237732,"name":"Philip E. Castle","orcid":"0000-0003-1082-6554","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":12,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:30:38.420009Z","pmid":"36126232","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}