{"doi":"10.1183/13993003.04053-2020","title":"Serum levels of small HDL particles are negatively correlated with death or lung transplantation in an observational study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","abstract":"Background Serum lipoproteins, such as high-density lipoproteins (HDL), may influence disease severity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here, we investigated associations between serum lipids and lipoproteins and clinical end-points in IPF. Methods Clinical data and serum lipids were analysed from a discovery cohort (59 IPF subjects, 56 healthy volunteers) and validated using an independent, multicentre cohort (207 IPF subjects) from the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation registry. Associations between lipids and clinical end-points (forced vital capacity, 6-min walk distance, gender age physiology (GAP) index, death or lung transplantation) were examined using Pearson's correlation and multivariable analyses. Results Serum concentrations of small HDL particles measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (S-HDLP NMR ) correlated negatively with the GAP index in the discovery cohort of IPF subjects. The negative correlation of S-HDLP NMR with GAP index was confirmed in the validation cohort of IPF subjects. Higher levels of S-HDLP NMR were associated with lower odds of death or its competing outcome, lung transplantation (OR 0.9 for each 1-μmol·L −1 increase in S-HDLP NMR , p<0.05), at 1, 2 and 3 years from study entry in a combined cohort of all IPF subjects. Conclusions Higher serum levels of S-HDLP NMR are negatively correlated with the GAP index, as well as with lower observed mortality or lung transplantation in IPF subjects. These findings support the hypothesis that S-HDLP NMR may modify mortality risk in patients with IPF.","journal":"European Respiratory Journal","year":2021,"id":176561,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":21,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8235,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":719952,"name":"Maryann Kaler","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":719246,"name":"Nargues Weir","orcid":"0000-0002-3917-6607","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":433384,"name":"Elizabeth M. Gordon","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":719247,"name":"Debbie M Figueroa","orcid":"0000-0001-7468-2487","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":578562,"name":"Xianglan Yao","orcid":"0000-0003-0668-0353","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":719953,"name":"Merte Lemma Woldehanna","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":461866,"name":"Maureen Sampson","orcid":"0000-0003-0885-250X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":257517,"name":"Alan T. Remaley","orcid":"0000-0001-5839-7280","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":719954,"name":"Geraldine M. Grant","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":426541,"name":"Scott D. Barnett","orcid":"0000-0002-4690-3278","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552234,"name":"Steven D. Nathan","orcid":"0000-0002-6270-1617","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252061,"name":"Stewart J. Levine","orcid":"0000-0001-9313-9746","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628705,"name":"Amisha V. Barochia","orcid":"0000-0002-7352-6412","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":37,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:47:23.605867Z","pmid":"34289973","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}