{"doi":"10.1177/2632463620978044","title":"Impact of Adoption of Directly Measured Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) on Targets of Lipid Control and Its Comparison With Friedewald Formula-Calculated LDL Cholesterol in People With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The accurate and precise measurement of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is important in the assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (ASCVD) in people with diabetes mellitus. This study is aimed at comparing directly measured LDL-C with Friedewald formula (FF)-calculated LDL-C (c-LDL-C) in people with type-2 diabetes.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fasting lipid profiles of 1905 people with type-2 diabetes, whose LDL-C was estimated by direct LDL assay, were chosen for the study. In the same group, LDL-C was calculated with FF. Correlation and agreement between these methods were analyzed at various strata of triglycerides (TGs). The possibility of misclassifying people at various levels of LDL-C targets proposed in literature was calculated.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean LDL-C levels were lower in the c-LDL-C group across various TG strata. A significant correlation was found between c-LDL-C and direct LDL-C for all the study samples ( r = 0.948, P &lt; .001) and across all TG strata. Analysis of agreement showed a positive bias for direct LDL-C which increased at higher strata of TGs. c-LDL-C underestimated ASCVD by misclassifying people at various LDL-C target levels.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a difference between direct LDL-C and c-LDL-C values in people with diabetes and this may result in misclassifying ASCVD especially at lower levels of LDL-C and higher levels of TGs.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","journal":"Indian Journal of Clinical Cardiology","year":2021,"id":656473,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1713668,"name":"Mathew John","orcid":"0000-0002-6435-7995","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1713669,"name":"Manju Manoharan Nair Jalaja","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1713670,"name":"Tittu Oommen","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1713671,"name":"Deepa Gopinath","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1713667,"name":"Rejitha Jagesh","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Impact of Adoption of Directly Measured Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C) on Targets of Lipid Control and Its Comparison With Friedewald Formula-Calculated LDL Cholesterol in People With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The accurate and precise measurement of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is important in the assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk (ASCVD) in people with diabetes mellitus. This study is aimed at comparing directly measured LDL-C with Friedewald formula (FF)-calculated LDL-C (c-LDL-C) in people with type-2 diabetes.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fasting lipid profiles of 1905 people with type-2 diabetes, whose LDL-C was estimated by direct LDL assay, were chosen for the study. In the same group, LDL-C was calculated with FF. Correlation and agreement between these methods were analyzed at various strata of triglycerides (TGs). The possibility of misclassifying people at various levels of LDL-C targets proposed in literature was calculated.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean LDL-C levels were lower in the c-LDL-C group across various TG strata. A significant correlation was found between c-LDL-C and direct LDL-C for all the study samples ( r = 0.948, P &lt; .001) and across all TG strata. Analysis of agreement showed a positive bias for direct LDL-C which increased at higher strata of TGs. c-LDL-C underestimated ASCVD by misclassifying people at various LDL-C target levels.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a difference between direct LDL-C and c-LDL-C values in people with diabetes and this may result in misclassifying ASCVD especially at lower levels of LDL-C and higher levels of TGs.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19965766","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3113734087","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.4079,"citation_percentile":0.65665411,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by-nc","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2632463620978044","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2632463620978044","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/2632463620978044","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2632463620978044","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/3b85eebf749246d9a594c44dfc7846c4","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health","Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Ldl cholesterol","Internal medicine","Low-density lipoprotein","Endocrinology","Diabetes mellitus","Type 2 diabetes","Cholesterol","Chemistry","Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","Medicine"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-11T21:01:10.885946Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}