{"doi":"10.1177/20499361251340795","title":"Kidney impairment in HIV: an insight into the burden and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in Zambia. A retrospective cross-sectional study","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney disease, ranging from asymptomatic kidney impairment to end-stage renal disease, remains a public health concern globally. Kidney diseases have been shown to be a significant cause of mortality and morbidity among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is limited data on the burden and risk factors for kidney impairment in resource-limited settings.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with kidney impairment among PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a tertiary hospital in Zambia.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study consisted of 374 PLWH aged ⩾18 years and on ART for ⩾ 6 months. We obtained clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics from a study that focused on metabolic syndrome among PLWH. Kidney impairment was defined as having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2</jats:sup>\n                      . Data was analyzed using STATA version 15. Multivariable logistic regression was used to ascertain factors associated with kidney impairment.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median age among the study participants was 44 years, and the majority were females, 63.4% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n</jats:italic>\n                       = 237). The prevalence of kidney impairment was 10.7% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n</jats:italic>\n                       = 40. After accounting for duration on ART, sex and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), older age and being on a Dolutegravir (DTG) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine (TDF/3TC) based regimen was positively associated with kidney impairment (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.14,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p</jats:italic>\n                       &lt; 0.001) and (aOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.02, 5.79,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.043), respectively.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of kidney impairment was common among adult PLWH and was significantly associated with older age and the use of a DTG and TDF/3TC-based regimen. There is a need to regularly monitor kidney function among people with HIV, especially older people who are on a DTG and TDF/3TC-based regimen.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","journal":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","year":2025,"id":646907,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1361934,"name":"Lukundo Siame","orcid":"0009-0002-4810-7352","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1685118,"name":"Chilala Cheelo","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":289265,"name":"Sepiso K. Masenga","orcid":"0000-0003-4376-5831","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":289267,"name":"Benson M. Hamooya","orcid":"0000-0003-1385-0998","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1685117,"name":"Matenge Mutalange","orcid":"0009-0009-6687-3051","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Kidney impairment in HIV: an insight into the burden and associated factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy in Zambia. A retrospective cross-sectional study","abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney disease, ranging from asymptomatic kidney impairment to end-stage renal disease, remains a public health concern globally. Kidney diseases have been shown to be a significant cause of mortality and morbidity among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is limited data on the burden and risk factors for kidney impairment in resource-limited settings.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with kidney impairment among PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at a tertiary hospital in Zambia.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study consisted of 374 PLWH aged ⩾18 years and on ART for ⩾ 6 months. We obtained clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics from a study that focused on metabolic syndrome among PLWH. Kidney impairment was defined as having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2</jats:sup>\n                      . Data was analyzed using STATA version 15. Multivariable logistic regression was used to ascertain factors associated with kidney impairment.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median age among the study participants was 44 years, and the majority were females, 63.4% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n</jats:italic>\n                       = 237). The prevalence of kidney impairment was 10.7% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n</jats:italic>\n                       = 40. After accounting for duration on ART, sex and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), older age and being on a Dolutegravir (DTG) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine (TDF/3TC) based regimen was positively associated with kidney impairment (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.14,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p</jats:italic>\n                       &lt; 0.001) and (aOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.02, 5.79,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p</jats:italic>\n                       = 0.043), respectively.\n                    </jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of kidney impairment was common among adult PLWH and was significantly associated with older age and the use of a DTG and TDF/3TC-based regimen. There is a need to regularly monitor kidney function among people with HIV, especially older people who are on a DTG and TDF/3TC-based regimen.</jats:p>\n                  </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"40487790","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4411046528","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"D43 TW0009744","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":0.8819,"citation_percentile":0.72200032,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by-nc","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251340795","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251340795","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20499361251340795","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/20499361251340795","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40487790","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/59a34d964b044977801ebe8398b8249f","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12141796","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","HIV-related health complications and treatments","Biological Research and Disease Studies"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Medicine","Kidney disease","Lamivudine","Renal function","Internal medicine","Cross-sectional study","Regimen","Odds ratio","Retrospective cohort study","Logistic regression","Pediatrics","Immunology","Pathology","Hepatitis B virus"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-09T15:38:34.504644Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}