{"doi":"10.1177/20499361251319655","title":"Characteristics and treatment outcomes of adolescents and young adults living with HIV with drug-resistant tuberculosis co-infection in Uganda: a retrospective cohort study","abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, especially among people living with HIV. Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) complicates treatment outcomes in high-burden countries like Uganda, particularly for adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALH). Objectives: We described the characteristics, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with treatment success among AYALH and DR-TB at a TB treatment unit in Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Methods: Medical records of AYALH treated for DR-TB between January 2013 and December 2021 were reviewed. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze treatment outcomes and associated factors. Results: Among 327 participants (mean age: 28.2 years, SD: 4.75; 52.6% male), the treatment success rate was 65.7%. A body mass index (BMI) ⩾ 18.5 kg/m 2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.33–0.83, p = 0.005), Efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens (aOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.89, p = 0.014), and primary DR-TB (aOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.28–0.64, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with treatment success. Conclusion: The study revealed a treatment success in only two-thirds of participants emphasizing persistent challenge of achieving optimal treatment outcomes for AYALH. The findings highlight that a higher BMI and Efavirenz-based ART regimens are significantly associated with improved treatment success pointing to the necessity for addressing nutritional needs and optimizing ART regimens to improve the management of DR-TB among AYALH.","journal":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","year":2025,"id":540347,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9431,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1428470,"name":"Marvin Kirya","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1428471,"name":"Denis Kiberu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1428472,"name":"Shivan Nabaasa","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1366705,"name":"Amelia Margaret Namiiro","orcid":"0009-0002-6253-2443","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1428473,"name":"Michael Collins Segawa","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1428474,"name":"Patrick Semakula","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":955249,"name":"Sarah Maria Najjuka","orcid":"0000-0003-2020-7941","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363345,"name":"Joseph Baruch Baluku","orcid":"0000-0002-5852-9674","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546622,"name":"Ronald Olum","orcid":"0000-0003-1289-0111","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1428146,"name":"Ivaan Pitua","orcid":"0000-0003-0768-1315","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":26,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:52:38.861025Z","pmid":"39949512","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}