{"doi":"10.1177/1947603520916523","title":"Increase in Free and Total Plasma TGF-β1 Following Physical Activity","abstract":"Objective To evaluate effects of physical activity and food consumption on plasma concentrations of free and total transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), beta-2 (TGF-β2), and beta-3 (TGF-β3) in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Participants ( n = 40 in 2 cohorts of 20; mean age 70 years) with radiographic knee OA were admitted overnight for serial blood sampling. Cohorts 1 and 2 assessed the impacts of food intake and activity, respectively, on TGF-β concentrations. Cohort 1 blood draws included 2 hours postprandial the evening of day 1 (T3), fasting before rising on day 2 (T0), nonfasting 1 hour after rising (T1B), and 4 hours after rising (T2). Cohort 2 blood draws included T3, T0, fasting 1 hour after rising and performing activities of daily living (T1A), and nonfasting 2 hours after rising (T1B). By sandwich ELISAs, we quantified plasma free and total TGF-β1 concentrations in all samples, and plasma total TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 in cohort 2. Results Free TGF-β1 represented a small fraction of the total systemic concentration (mean 0.026%). In cohort 2, free and total TGF-β1 and total TGF-β2 concentration significantly increased in fasting samples collected after an hour (T1A) of activities of daily living (free TGF-β1: P = 0.006; total TGF-β1: P < 0.001; total TGF-β2: P = 0.001). Total TGF-β3 increased nonsignificantly following activity ( P = 0.590) and decreased ( P = 0.035) after food consumption while resting (T1B). Conclusions Increased plasma concentrations of TGF-β with physical activity suggests activity should be standardized prior to TGF-β1 analyses.","journal":"Cartilage","year":2020,"id":83408,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9513,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":428988,"name":"Louie C. Alexander","orcid":"0000-0002-9873-4066","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383772,"name":"Janet L. Huebner","orcid":"0000-0003-1431-1638","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":428989,"name":"Alexander Reed","orcid":"0000-0003-3340-0214","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":33062,"name":"Virginia B. Kraus","orcid":"0000-0001-8173-8258","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":428987,"name":"Ashley J Han","orcid":"0000-0002-9303-9742","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":37,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:54:09.383533Z","pmid":"32340467","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}