{"doi":"10.1177/17474930251349474","title":"Low vegetable consumption doubles the odds of stroke among people with hypertension: Findings from the SIREN Study in West Africa","abstract":"Background: While hypertension is a primary risk factor for higher stroke risk, adequate vegetable consumption has been linked with a lower odds of stroke. However, it is unclear whether low/inadequate vegetable consumption could aggravate the odds of stroke among people with hypertension. This study assessed the interaction of low vegetable consumption and hypertension with stroke among West Africans. Methods: In this case–control study, 3684 stroke cases (aged ⩾ 18 years) matched for age ±5 years, sex, and ethnicity, with 3684 healthy controls were recruited across multiple sites in Nigeria and Ghana. Hypertension was defined using standard guidelines, and vegetable consumption was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression and interaction models were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of stroke and the synergistic interaction of both low vegetable consumption (< 6 servings per week) and hypertension. The attributable proportion (AP), relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), and synergy index (SI) were estimated at a two-sided P < 0.05. Results: Overall, the mean age was 59.0 ± 14.9 years, and 45.8% (3376) were female. Among stroke cases, the prevalence of low vegetable consumption and hypertension was 68.1% (2508) and 95.9% (3480), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted odds of stroke, given low vegetable consumption with hypertension, were OR = 25.66 (95% CI = 16.65, 39.54) with an RERI of 13.40 (95% CI = 7.21, 19.59), AP of 0.52 (95% CI = 0.44, 0.60), SI of 2.19 (95% CI = 1.82, 2.63), and a multiplicative interaction of about 50%; 1.51 (95% CI = 0.91, 2.49). Conclusion: The odds of stroke double with low vegetable consumption among people with hypertension in this population.","journal":"International Journal of Stroke","year":2025,"id":553081,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9525,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1269680,"name":"Ifeoluwa Bodunde","orcid":"0000-0002-1454-2914","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":699274,"name":"Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle","orcid":"0000-0003-4825-4934","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":699273,"name":"Onoja Akpa","orcid":"0000-0002-5201-512X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1449391,"name":"David Kadan Danladi","orcid":"0009-0004-2278-3453","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503153,"name":"Adekunle Fakunle","orcid":"0000-0001-8391-9394","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":365051,"name":"Morenikeji Komolafe","orcid":"0000-0002-0592-5120","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503143,"name":"Reginald Obiako","orcid":"0000-0003-1769-8110","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":446878,"name":"Kolawole Wahab","orcid":"0000-0002-2914-1953","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503144,"name":"Joshua Akinyemi","orcid":"0000-0002-0675-2110","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503141,"name":"Albert Akpalu","orcid":"0000-0002-4802-9852","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1220948,"name":"Olayinka Adebajo","orcid":"0000-0001-9462-687X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1250856,"name":"Kelechukwu Uwanuruochi","orcid":"0000-0002-3397-1511","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":959255,"name":"Samuel Anu Olowookere","orcid":"0000-0002-6008-6753","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503158,"name":"Oyedunni Arulogun","orcid":"0000-0002-2173-4682","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":417953,"name":"Arti Singh","orcid":"0000-0002-7460-0119","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":467920,"name":"Paul Olowoyo","orcid":"0000-0002-0802-8505","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":959257,"name":"Oladotun Olalusi","orcid":"0000-0002-2842-3545","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":530449,"name":"Godwin Ogbole","orcid":"0000-0003-0431-7198","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":840411,"name":"Ganiyu Adeniyi Amusa","orcid":null,"position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":932763,"name":"Sunday Adeniyi","orcid":"0000-0002-3286-9937","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":959261,"name":"Innocent Ijezie Chukwuonye","orcid":"0000-0003-1190-135X","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":618743,"name":"Okechukwu S. 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