{"doi":"10.1177/17455057221125103","title":"Perceived vulnerability to immigration policies among postpartum Hispanic/Latina women in the MADRES pregnancy cohort before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","abstract":"Introduction and Objectives: Research suggests that perceived immigration policy vulnerability has important health implications. Coupled with the mental and physical stressors accompanying the postpartum period and a growing awareness of the discrimination and structural racism experienced by marginalized communities globally, the coronavirus disease 2019 period may have exacerbated stress among vulnerable populations, specifically postpartum Hispanic/Latina women. This study evaluated perceived immigration policy vulnerability (i.e. discrimination, social isolation, and family threats) in early postpartum Hispanic/Latina women in Los Angeles before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: The Perceived Immigration Policy Effects Scale (PIPES) was administered cross-sectionally at 1 month postpartum to 187 Hispanic/Latina women in the MADRES cohort. Respondents between September 2018 and March 2020 were classified as “pre-pandemic” ( N = 128), between March 2020 and July 2020 as “early pandemic” ( N = 38), and between August 2020 and November 2021 as “later pandemic” ( N = 21). Average PIPES subscale scores were dichotomized into “higher” and “lower” groups (⩽median, >median) and logistic regression models were performed. Results: Approximately half of participants had incomes of <$50,000 (50.3%) and were Latin American born (54.6%). After adjusting for age, nativity, education, income, postpartum distress, and employment status, early pandemic respondents had 5.05 times the odds of a higher score on the perceived discrimination subscale (95% CI: 1.81, 14.11), 6.47 times the odds of a higher score on the social isolation subscale (95% CI: 2.23, 18.74), 2.66 times the odds of a higher score on the family threats subscale (95% CI: 0.97, 7.32), and 3.36 times the odds of a higher total score (95% CI: 1.19, 9.51) when compared to pre-pandemic respondents. There were no significant subscale score differences between later pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Conclusion: Higher perceived immigration policy vulnerability was reported among postpartum women during the early coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic versus pre-pandemic periods. This suggests greater social inequities during the early pandemic period.","journal":"Women s Health","year":2022,"id":275750,"datarank":0.3453877639491069,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9609,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":380834,"name":"Claudia M. Toledo‐Corral","orcid":"0000-0002-1228-9070","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":945304,"name":"Thomas A. Chávez","orcid":"0000-0003-3565-2669","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":285019,"name":"Rima Habre","orcid":"0000-0003-2103-1706","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":298158,"name":"Brendan H. Grubbs","orcid":"0000-0002-1963-4922","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307231,"name":"Laila Al-Marayati","orcid":"0000-0002-4270-3703","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":309556,"name":"Deborah Lerner","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670107,"name":"Nathana Lurvey","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670108,"name":"Isabel T. Lagomasino","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307227,"name":"Sandrah P. Eckel","orcid":"0000-0001-6050-7880","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107399,"name":"Genevieve F. Dunton","orcid":"0000-0002-4129-3829","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307228,"name":"Shohreh F. Farzan","orcid":"0000-0001-9897-3692","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":278838,"name":"Carrie V. Breton","orcid":"0000-0002-6082-4066","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307233,"name":"Theresa M. Bastain","orcid":"0000-0002-0029-5641","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":669352,"name":"Ixel Hernandez‐Castro","orcid":"0000-0002-4572-4163","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:28:21.971703Z","pmid":"36148937","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}