{"doi":"10.1177/1090198121996280","title":"Developing Visual Messages to Support Liquefied Petroleum Gas Use in Intervention Homes in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) Trial in Rural Guatemala","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Household air pollution adversely affects human health and the environment, yet more than 40% of the world still depends on solid cooking fuels. The House Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial is assessing the health effects of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and 18-month supply of free fuel in 3,200 households in rural Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. AIMS: We conducted formative research in Guatemala to create visual messages that support the sustained, exclusive use of LPG in HAPIN intervention households. METHOD: = 96) to understand participants' experience with LPG. Sixty participants were selected from a pilot study of LPG stove and 2-months of free fuel to assess the acceptability and use of LPG. Emergent themes were used to create visual messages based on observations and interviews in 40 households; messages were tested and revised in focus group discussions with 20 households. RESULTS: We identified 50 codes related to household air pollution and stoves; these were reduced into 24 themes relevant to LPG stoves, prioritizing 12 for calendars. Messages addressed fear and reluctance to use LPG; preference of wood stoves for cooking traditional foods; sustainability and accessibility of fuel; association between health outcomes and household air pollution; and the need for inspirational and aspirational messages. DISCUSSION: We created a flip chart and calendar illustrating themes to promote exclusive LPG use in HAPIN intervention households.","journal":"Health Education & Behavior","year":2021,"id":201036,"datarank":0.49760766949504903,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.1856914382430736,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.1856914382430736,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9555,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02944682"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":461385,"name":"Anaité Díaz-Artiga","orcid":"0000-0002-2508-8710","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":779834,"name":"Roberto Otzóy-Sucúc","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":779835,"name":"Ana Laura Maria Ruiz-Aguilar","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268907,"name":"Lisa M. 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