{"doi":"10.1172/jci150823","title":"Preexisting memory CD4+ T cells contribute to the primary response in an HIV-1 vaccine trial","abstract":"Naive and memory CD4+ T cells reactive with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are detectable in unexposed, unimmunized individuals. The contribution of preexisting CD4+ T cells to a primary immune response was investigated in 20 HIV-1-seronegative volunteers vaccinated with an HIV-1 envelope (Env) plasmid DNA prime and recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) boost in the HVTN 106 vaccine trial (clinicaltrials.gov NCT02296541). Prevaccination naive or memory CD4+ T cell responses directed against peptide epitopes in Env were identified in 14 individuals. After priming with DNA, 40% (8/20) of the elicited responses matched epitopes detected in the corresponding preimmunization memory repertoires, and clonotypes were shared before and after vaccination in 2 representative volunteers. In contrast, there were no shared epitope specificities between the preimmunization memory compartment and responses detected after boosting with recombinant MVA expressing a heterologous Env. Preexisting memory CD4+ T cells therefore shape the early immune response to vaccination with a previously unencountered HIV-1 antigen.","journal":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","year":2021,"id":196693,"datarank":0.4099472127168444,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.11806069035854737,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.11806069035854737,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":6,"citers_with_citation_signal":6,"citers_with_endowment":6,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9545,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02296541"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":269949,"name":"Elena Brenna","orcid":"0000-0001-8492-5614","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769921,"name":"Elaine Thomson","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":103722,"name":"Will Fischer","orcid":"0000-0003-4579-4062","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269950,"name":"Kristin Ladell","orcid":"0000-0002-9856-2938","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269951,"name":"James E. McLaren","orcid":"0000-0002-7021-5934","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104895,"name":"David A. Price","orcid":"0000-0001-9416-2737","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355217,"name":"Nicole Frahm","orcid":"0000-0003-1298-3676","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":52016,"name":"Juliana M. McElrath","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288617,"name":"Kristen W. Cohen","orcid":"0000-0002-8901-9941","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769922,"name":"Janine R. Maenza","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3911,"name":"Stephen R. Walsh","orcid":"0000-0002-0817-9370","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3841,"name":"Lindsey R. Baden","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392407,"name":"Barton F. Haynes","orcid":"0000-0002-2847-1854","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":24197,"name":"Bette Korber","orcid":"0000-0002-2026-5757","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":269955,"name":"Persephone Borrow","orcid":"0000-0002-3877-9780","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106118,"name":"Andrew J. McMichael","orcid":"0000-0002-9101-7478","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769920,"name":"Suzanne L. Campion","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":26,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:50:15.704473Z","pmid":"34850742","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}