{"doi":"10.1172/jci142421","title":"Antibody-mediated depletion of viral reservoirs is limited in SIV-infected macaques treated early with antiretroviral therapy","abstract":"The effectiveness of virus-specific strategies, including administered HIV-specific mAbs, to target cells that persistently harbor latent, rebound-competent HIV genomes during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been limited by inefficient induction of viral protein expression. To examine antibody-mediated viral reservoir targeting without a need for viral induction, we used an anti-CD4 mAb to deplete both infected and uninfected CD4+ T cells. Ten rhesus macaques infected with barcoded SIVmac239M received cART for 93 weeks starting 4 days after infection. During cART, 5 animals received 5 to 6 anti-CD4 antibody administrations and CD4+ T cell populations were then allowed 1 year on cART to recover. Despite profound CD4+ T cell depletion in blood and lymph nodes, time to viral rebound following cART cessation was not significantly delayed in anti-CD4-treated animals compared with controls. Viral reactivation rates, determined based on rebounding SIVmac239M clonotype proportions, also were not significantly different in CD4-depleted animals. Notably, antibody-mediated depletion was limited in rectal tissue and negligible in lymphoid follicles. These results suggest that, even if robust viral reactivation can be achieved, antibody-mediated viral reservoir depletion may be limited in key tissue sites.","journal":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","year":2021,"id":186238,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":23,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9556,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":445261,"name":"Taina T. Immonen","orcid":"0000-0003-4521-0696","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":694798,"name":"Kelli Oswald","orcid":"0000-0003-2327-8497","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744245,"name":"Cathi Pyle","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743588,"name":"James A. Thomas","orcid":"0000-0002-2509-490X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":568307,"name":"William J. Bosche","orcid":"0000-0001-5367-2116","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743589,"name":"Lorna Silipino","orcid":"0000-0001-8022-5151","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":569239,"name":"Michael Hull","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743590,"name":"Laura Newman","orcid":"0000-0002-2693-0754","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744246,"name":"Vicky Coalter","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744247,"name":"Adam Wiles","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744248,"name":"Rodney Wiles","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744249,"name":"Jacob Kiser","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":526457,"name":"David R. Morcock","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":569238,"name":"Rebecca Shoemaker","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":694799,"name":"Randy Fast","orcid":"0000-0003-3042-9214","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":648683,"name":"Matthew W. Breed","orcid":"0000-0002-2286-1106","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743591,"name":"Joshua Kramer","orcid":"0000-0002-4031-275X","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":649211,"name":"Duncan Donohue","orcid":"0000-0002-3137-8773","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744250,"name":"Tyler Malys","orcid":null,"position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233485,"name":"Christine M. Fennessey","orcid":"0000-0002-8736-8523","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":744251,"name":"Charles M. Trubey","orcid":null,"position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":412158,"name":"Claire Deléage","orcid":"0000-0002-3507-0055","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":95245,"name":"Jacob D. Estes","orcid":"0000-0002-9652-6394","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233484,"name":"Jeffrey D. Lifson","orcid":"0000-0002-9494-0268","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233486,"name":"Brandon F. Keele","orcid":"0000-0002-2381-1151","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":719000,"name":"Gregory Q. Del Prete","orcid":"0000-0001-6180-5361","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":743587,"name":"Adrienne E. Swanstrom","orcid":"0000-0003-0429-4213","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":66,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:42.632147Z","pmid":"33465055","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}