{"doi":"10.1172/jci.insight.177182","title":"Children with perinatally acquired HIV exhibit distinct immune responses to 4CMenB vaccine","abstract":"Children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) have special vaccination needs, as they make suboptimal immune responses. Here, we evaluated safety and immunogenicity of 2 doses of 4-component group B meningococcal vaccine in antiretroviral therapy-treated children with PHIV and healthy controls (HCs). Assessments included the standard human serum bactericidal antibody (hSBA) assay and measurement of IgG titers against capsular group B Neisseria meningitidis antigens (fHbp, NHBA, NadA). The B cell compartment and vaccine-induced antigen-specific (fHbp+) B cells were investigated by flow cytometry, and gene expression was investigated by multiplexed real-time PCR. A good safety and immunogenicity profile was shown in both groups; however, PHIV demonstrated a reduced immunogenicity compared with HCs. Additionally, PHIV showed a reduced frequency of fHbp+ and an altered B cell subset distribution, with higher fHbp+ frequency in activated memory and tissue-like memory B cells. Gene expression analyses on these cells revealed distinct mechanisms between PHIV and HC seroconverters. Overall, these data suggest that PHIV presents a diverse immune signature following vaccination. The impact of such perturbation on long-term maintenance of vaccine-induced immunity should be further evaluated in vulnerable populations, such as people with PHIV.","journal":"JCI Insight","year":2024,"id":446809,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9607,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1149979,"name":"Alessia Neri","orcid":"0000-0002-6441-2800","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943140,"name":"Marco Sanna","orcid":"0000-0001-5709-5782","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380954,"name":"Veronica Santilli","orcid":"0000-0003-1329-6827","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380956,"name":"Emma Concetta Manno","orcid":"0009-0009-0095-8167","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380955,"name":"Giuseppe Rubens Pascucci","orcid":"0000-0002-5978-1193","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":522230,"name":"Francesca Rocchi","orcid":"0000-0002-4255-0823","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380959,"name":"Donato Amodio","orcid":"0000-0003-4550-3018","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380961,"name":"Alessandra Ruggiero","orcid":"0000-0002-1041-7489","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264447,"name":"Marta Luisa Ciofi Degl Atti","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264448,"name":"Irene Barneschi","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264449,"name":"Silvia Grappi","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264450,"name":"Ilaria Cocchi","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264000,"name":"Vania Giacomet","orcid":"0000-0002-0217-160X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1264001,"name":"Daria Trabattoni","orcid":"0000-0001-9535-3359","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1084628,"name":"G. Olivieri","orcid":"0000-0002-8465-3265","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":522235,"name":"Stefania Bernardi","orcid":"0000-0001-5672-0881","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383781,"name":"Daniel O’Connor","orcid":"0000-0002-6902-9886","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":549978,"name":"Emanuele Montomoli","orcid":"0000-0001-7595-4974","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":78476,"name":"Andrew J. 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