{"doi":"10.1167/tvst.13.12.19","title":"Band Visibility in High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography Assessed With a Custom Review Tool and Updated, Histology-Derived Nomenclature","abstract":"Purpose: For structure-function research at the transition of aging to age-related macular degeneration, we refined the current consensus optical coherence tomography (OCT) nomenclature and evaluated a novel review software for investigational high-resolution OCT imaging (HR-OCT; <3 µm axial resolution). Method: Volume electron microscopy, immunolocalizations, histology, and investigational devices informed a refined OCT nomenclature for a custom ImageJ-based review tool to assess retinal band visibility. We examined effects on retinal band visibility of automated real-time averaging (ART) 9 and 100 (11 eyes of 10 healthy young adults), aging (10 young vs 22 healthy aged), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD; 22 healthy aged, 17 early (e)AMD, 15 intermediate (i)AMD). Intrareader reliability was assessed. Results: Bands not included in consensus nomenclature are now visible using HR-OCT: inner plexiform layer (IPL) 1-5, outer plexiform layer (OPL) 1-2, outer segment interdigitation zone 1-2 (OSIZ, including hyporeflective outer segments), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) 1-5. Cohen's kappa was 0.54-0.88 for inner and 0.67-0.83 for outer retinal bands in a subset of 10 eyes. IPL-3-5 and OPL-2 visibility benefitted from increased ART. OSIZ-2 and RPE-1,2,3,5 visibility was worse in aged eyes than in young eyes. OSIZ-1-2, RPE-1, and RPE-5 visibility decreased in eAMD and iAMD compared to healthy aged eyes. Conclusions: We reliably identified 28 retinal bands using a novel review tool for HR-OCT. Image averaging improved inner retinal band visibility. Aging and AMD development impacted outer retinal band visibility. Translational Significance: Detailed knowledge of anatomic structures visible on OCT will enhance precision in research, including AI training and structure-function analyses.","journal":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","year":2024,"id":422073,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8529,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":307654,"name":"Thomas A. Swain","orcid":"0000-0001-7039-1148","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312297,"name":"Deepayan Kar","orcid":"0000-0003-2176-7430","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307652,"name":"Gerald McGwin","orcid":"0000-0001-9592-1133","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1097031,"name":"Andreas Berlin","orcid":"0000-0002-0010-8914","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307653,"name":"Mark E. Clark","orcid":"0000-0002-5660-2153","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307656,"name":"Cynthia Owsley","orcid":"0000-0003-3424-011X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292536,"name":"Kenneth R. Sloan","orcid":"0000-0002-8747-4449","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292540,"name":"Christine A. Curcio","orcid":"0000-0001-9769-1538","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":767086,"name":"Lukas Goerdt","orcid":"0000-0002-6970-0940","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":133,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:57:46.393290Z","pmid":"39671227","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}