{"doi":"10.1164/ajrccm.149.2.8306043","title":"Determinants of Progression in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive form of lung disease with a median survival of less than 5 yr. To address the progressive nature of this disease process, we investigated the determinants of decrements in lung function in patients with IPF. We prospectively evaluated 39 subjects with IPF. Our study subjects were followed for an average of 2 yr (range, 49 to 1,883 days) and lung function was measured on at least two separate occasions (mean = 9.1 separate tests) during the follow-up period. Since IPF is characterized by reduced lung volume and abnormal gas exchange, our analysis focused on the determinants of total lung capacity (TLC) and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) during the period of observation. Although, on average, there was a 5.3% increase in the TLC and a 9.8% increase in DLCO between the first and last measure of lung function, 25% of the study population experienced a decline in the TLC and 28% of the study population experienced a decline in the DLCO. Decrements in TLC were independently associated with severe dyspnea (p = 0.01) and treatment with cyclophosphamide (p = 0.03). Decrements in DLCO were significantly and independently associated with more pack-years of cigarette smoking (p = 0.02), moderate (p = 0.03) or severe (p = 0.02) dyspnea, and treatment with cyclophosphamide (p = 0.0002). These findings indicate that several clinical characteristics are independently associated with subsequent declines in TLC and DLCO in patients with IPF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</jats:p>","journal":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","year":1994,"id":44412,"datarank":9.342109463667743,"base_score":5.062595033026967,"endowment":5.062595033026967,"self_citation_contribution":0.7593892549540452,"citation_network_contribution":8.582720208713697,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7593892549540452,"citer_contribution":8.582720208713697,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":157,"citer_count":143,"citers_with_citation_signal":121,"citers_with_endowment":121,"datacite_reuse_total":4,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":209107,"name":"D S Van Fossen","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209108,"name":"C S Davis","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209109,"name":"R A Helmers","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209110,"name":"C S Dayton","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209111,"name":"L F Burmeister","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209112,"name":"G W Hunninghake","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":209106,"name":"D A Schwartz","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":5.062595033026967,"endowment":5.062595033026967,"datacite_reuse_total":4,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"8306043","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2070537009","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"HL-37121","title":null},{"funder_name":"NCRR NIH HHS","grant_id":"RR-00059","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIOSH CDC HHS","grant_id":"OH00093-01","title":null}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":5.3863,"citation_percentile":0.96056338,"influential_citations":2,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":4},{"year":2013,"count":7},{"year":2014,"count":3},{"year":2015,"count":3},{"year":2016,"count":2},{"year":2017,"count":6},{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":3},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":5}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/ajrccm/article-pdf/149/2/444/67608420/ajrccm_149_2_444.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.149.2.8306043","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8306043","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life","Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","Medicine","Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid","Cyclophosphamide","Female","Follow-Up Studies","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Multivariate Analysis","Prospective Studies","Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity","Pulmonary Fibrosis","Risk Factors","Smoking","Spirometry","Time Factors","Total Lung Capacity"],"mesh_terms":["Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid","Cyclophosphamide","Female","Follow-Up Studies","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Prospective Studies","Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity","Pulmonary Fibrosis","Risk Factors","Smoking","Spirometry","Time Factors","Total Lung Capacity","Multivariate Analysis"],"keywords":["DLCO","Medicine","Diffusing capacity","Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","Lung volumes","Pulmonary function testing","Internal medicine","Population","Lung","Interstitial lung disease","Pulmonary fibrosis","Gastroenterology","Cardiology","Surgery","Lung function"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.26701924.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Genetic association between smoking and DLCO in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.26701924","title":"Additional file 1 of Genetic association between smoking and DLCO in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.26701927.v1","title":"Additional file 2 of Genetic association between smoking and DLCO in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.26701927","title":"Additional file 2 of Genetic association between smoking and DLCO in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"}],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-29T01:02:00.182401Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}