{"doi":"10.1161/circulationaha.120.051683","title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Hypertension Treatment by Pharmacists in Black Barbershops","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In LABBPS (Los Angeles Barbershop Blood Pressure Study), pharmacist-led hypertension care in Los Angeles County Black-owned barbershops significantly improved blood pressure control in non-Hispanic Black men with uncontrolled hypertension at baseline. In this analysis, 10-year health outcomes and health care costs of 1 year of the LABBPS intervention versus control are projected. METHODS: A discrete event simulation of hypertension care processes projected blood pressure, medication-related adverse events, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease events, and noncardiovascular disease death in LABBPS participants. Program costs, total direct health care costs (2019 US dollars), and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were estimated for the LABBPS intervention and control arms from a health care sector perspective over a 10-year horizon. Future costs and QALYs were discounted 3% annually. High and intermediate cost-effectiveness thresholds were defined as <$50 000 and <$150 000 per QALY gained, respectively. RESULTS: At 10 years, the intervention was projected to cost an average of $2356 (95% uncertainty interval, -$264 to $4611) more per participant than the control arm and gain 0.06 (95% uncertainty interval, 0.01-0.10) QALYs. The LABBPS intervention was highly cost-effective, with a mean cost of $42 717 per QALY gained (58% probability of being highly and 96% of being at least intermediately cost-effective). Exclusive use of generic drugs improved the cost-effectiveness to $17 162 per QALY gained. The LABBPS intervention would be only intermediately cost-effective if pharmacists were less likely to intensify antihypertensive medications when systolic blood pressure was ≥150 mm Hg or if pharmacist weekly time driving to barbershops increased. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension care delivered by clinical pharmacists in Black barbershops is a highly cost-effective way to improve blood pressure control in Black men.","journal":"Circulation","year":2021,"id":162456,"datarank":0.5806801516361837,"base_score":3.8712010109078907,"endowment":3.8712010109078907,"self_citation_contribution":0.5806801516361837,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5806801516361837,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":47,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9214,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":98925,"name":"Andrew E. 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Tajeu","orcid":"0000-0002-9982-5250","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":535329,"name":"Valy Fontil","orcid":"0000-0003-0795-3237","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680807,"name":"Norma B Moy","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218312,"name":"Joseph E. Ebinger","orcid":"0000-0002-0587-1572","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":621256,"name":"Florian Rader","orcid":"0000-0003-1637-5096","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":74900,"name":"Kirsten Bibbins‐Domingo","orcid":"0000-0002-8962-0622","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":239728,"name":"Brandon K. Bellows","orcid":"0000-0003-1395-6047","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":449818,"name":"Kelsey B. Bryant","orcid":"0000-0001-7180-8064","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":85,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:45:05.641178Z","pmid":"33855861","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}