{"doi":"10.1159/000204796","title":"Detection of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Aseptic Meningitis","abstract":"<jats:p>The level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the cerebrospinal fluid from 14 infants and children with meningitis and 6 patients who suffered other diseases besides meningitis was measured by our sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for GM-CSF. The minimal detection level of GM-CSF was 40 pg/ml. Six of 9 patients (67%) with aseptic meningitis had detectable GM-CSF in cerebrospinal fluid and the concentrations of GM-CSF ranged from 49 to 114 pg/ml (mean 72 pg/ml), whereas none of 5 patients with bacterial meningitis or 6 patients with other diseases besides meningitis had detectable GM-CSF levels. There was no clear correlation between the GM-CSF levels in cerebrospinal fluid and the leukocyte count in either peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid, or the concentration of protein or glucose in cerebrospinal fluid.</jats:p>","journal":"Acta Haematologica","year":2009,"id":616174,"datarank":0.41588830833596724,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"self_citation_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1588483,"name":"Seiichi Okamura","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1588485,"name":"Fusayuki Omori","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1588487,"name":"Yumi Mizuno","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2730,"name":"Toshiro Hara","orcid":"0000-0002-4389-3393","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1588488,"name":"Tomonobu Aoki","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1588489,"name":"Hideki Akeda","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1588490,"name":"Kohji Ueda","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":120288,"name":"Yoshiyuki Niho","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":318316,"name":"Kazuya Shimoda","orcid":"0000-0002-2555-8188","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Detection of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Aseptic Meningitis","abstract":"<jats:p>The level of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the cerebrospinal fluid from 14 infants and children with meningitis and 6 patients who suffered other diseases besides meningitis was measured by our sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for GM-CSF. The minimal detection level of GM-CSF was 40 pg/ml. Six of 9 patients (67%) with aseptic meningitis had detectable GM-CSF in cerebrospinal fluid and the concentrations of GM-CSF ranged from 49 to 114 pg/ml (mean 72 pg/ml), whereas none of 5 patients with bacterial meningitis or 6 patients with other diseases besides meningitis had detectable GM-CSF levels. There was no clear correlation between the GM-CSF levels in cerebrospinal fluid and the leukocyte count in either peripheral blood or cerebrospinal fluid, or the concentration of protein or glucose in cerebrospinal fluid.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"1950360","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2079390901","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.2254,"citation_percentile":0.60247014,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://karger.com/pages/terms-and-conditions","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.karger.com/Article/Pdf/204796","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://karger.com/article-pdf/doi/10.1159/000204796","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000204796","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1950360","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Bacterial Infections and Vaccines","Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment","Child","Child, Preschool","Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay","Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","Humans","Infant","Meningitis, Aseptic","Meningitis, Bacterial"],"mesh_terms":["Child","Child, Preschool","Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay","Humans","Infant","Meningitis, Aseptic","Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","Meningitis, Bacterial"],"keywords":["Cerebrospinal fluid","Aseptic meningitis","Meningitis","CSF albumin","Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor","Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor","Medicine","Granulocyte","Immunology","Pathology","Internal medicine","Cytokine","Surgery"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-02T22:12:25.230851Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}