{"doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.c.6549583.v1","title":"Data from Adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus IFNα2b or Ipilimumab in Resected High-Risk Melanoma","abstract":"&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;We conducted a randomized phase III trial to evaluate whether adjuvant pembrolizumab for one year (647 patients) improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) in comparison with high-dose IFNα-2b for one year or ipilimumab for up to three years (654 patients), the approved standard-of-care adjuvant immunotherapies at the time of enrollment for patients with high-risk resected melanoma. At a median follow-up of 47.5 months, pembrolizumab was associated with significantly longer RFS than prior standard-of-care adjuvant immunotherapies [HR, 0.77; 99.62% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–0.99; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002]. There was no statistically significant association with OS among all patients (HR, 0.82; 96.3% CI, 0.61–1.09; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.15). Proportions of treatment-related adverse events of grades 3 to 5 were 19.5% with pembrolizumab, 71.2% with IFNα-2b, and 49.2% with ipilimumab. Therefore, adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly improved RFS but not OS compared with the prior standard-of-care immunotherapies for patients with high-risk resected melanoma.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;Adjuvant PD-1 blockade therapy decreases the rates of recurrence, but not survival, in patients with surgically resectable melanoma, substituting the prior standard-of-care immunotherapies for this cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Smithy and Shoushtari, p. 599.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 587&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;","journal":null,"year":2023,"id":405964,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5938,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":383952,"name":"Megan Othus","orcid":"0000-0001-8176-6371","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":90460,"name":"Sapna P. 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