{"doi":"10.1155/pedi/4108685","title":"Patient Characteristics Associated With Annual Nutrition Visits in Children With Type 1 Diabetes","abstract":"Objective: Diabetes organizations recommend nutrition education by a registered dietitian (RD) at least annually following type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis in children. The study objectives were to describe differences over time in annual RD follow‐up in children with T1D and to identify patient characteristics associated with RD engagement. Research Design and Methods: Data based on 6034 completed diabetes medical visits among 1982 patients aged &lt;18 years with T1D for ≥1 year followed at a pediatric, tertiary care, academic medical center over a 5‐year period (2018–2022) were analyzed. Generalized estimating equations models assessed for differences over time in the rates of RD visit completion in the year preceding the last diabetes medical encounter and identified sociodemographic, diabetes care‐related, and clinical patient characteristics associated with RD follow‐up. Models were fit for the whole sample and groups subset by race and ethnicity. Results: Observed annual RD follow‐up rate over the 5‐year period was 20.8%, with the lowest adjusted percentage in 2021 compared to 2018. In multivariable analysis, for each year increase in age ( p = 0.004) and diabetes duration ( p &lt; 0.001), there was a 3% and 15% reduction in the odds of RD follow‐up, respectively. RD follow‐up was associated with lower hemoglobin A1c within the subsequent year in adjusted analysis ( p = 0.029), with the greatest improvement among Hispanic patients. Conclusions: Annual RD visit frequency among children with T1D is suboptimal. Study findings provide insights for targeted intervention to improve RD engagement. RD follow‐up may be associated with improved glycemic outcomes.","journal":"Pediatric Diabetes","year":2025,"id":540765,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":29.844511487584125,"corpus_rank":8690,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5707,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":4.1667,"fair_percentile":4.891470498318557,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":430036,"name":"Belinda Lennerz","orcid":"0000-0002-8021-7984","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":349482,"name":"Carter R. Petty","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1317400,"name":"ERIN N. GORDON","orcid":"0009-0001-3504-6207","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1429153,"name":"Hannah Michelson","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1429154,"name":"Anna Schmidt","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380704,"name":"Katharine C. Garvey","orcid":"0000-0002-2289-7344","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":727455,"name":"Erinn T. Rhodes","orcid":"0000-0002-5872-1412","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":753954,"name":"Svetlana Azova","orcid":"0000-0003-3685-1387","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":61,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:52:42.901627Z","pmid":"40322222","pmcid":"PMC12047747","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":11.1111,"fair_a":18.75,"fair_i":0.0,"fair_r":8.3333,"fair_zscore":-1.1986,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":4.17,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":11.11,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No identifier is provided for the dataset; the only identifier is the paper's DOI which is not for the data.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No repository is named; the data are only available from the corresponding author.","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The datasets generated during and analyzed in the current study and the analysis codes used are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data availability statement points to the corresponding author on request.","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"Data based on 6034 completed diabetes medical visits among 1982 patients aged <18 years with T1D for ≥1 year followed at a pediatric, tertiary care, academic medical center over a 5‐year period (2018–2022) were analyzed.","grounded":false,"rationale":"The dataset's content is described in running prose (sample size, time period) but no itemised inventory. 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[majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No version or date pins the dataset snapshot.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"The datasets generated during and analyzed in the current study and the analysis codes used are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The code is only available on request from the corresponding author, with no locator.","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"This publication was made possible with support from Grant Number, K12DK133995 (David Maahs, Linda DiMeglio, Multi‐Center Program Directors) from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Physician–Scientist Career Development Award to Dr. Svetlana Azova.","grounded":true,"rationale":"Grant numbers are provided.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No identifier is provided for the dataset; the only identifier is the paper's DOI which is not for the data.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_repository_named","dimension":"F","label":"Named repository","action":"Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. 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For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T13:29:20.888433Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}