{"doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00045.2025","title":"Propulsion without penalty: greater soleus force with stiffer footwear does not necessarily increase estimated soleus metabolic cost across walking speeds","abstract":"Increasing footwear bending stiffness via carbon fiber insoles has been shown to reduce soleus fascicle shortening velocity and increase force output. Here, we used a bioenergetic model to estimate the metabolic energy consumed by the soleus muscle with increasing footwear stiffness across walking speeds. Footwear stiffness did not statistically significantly alter estimated soleus muscle energy consumption at any speed, highlighting carbon fiber insoles' capacity to increase muscle force without a clear metabolic penalty.","journal":"Journal of Applied Physiology","year":2025,"id":570482,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9469,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":458297,"name":"Samuel F. Ray","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":277103,"name":"Jason R. Franz","orcid":"0000-0001-9523-9708","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1412565,"name":"Kota Z. Takahashi","orcid":"0000-0002-8943-9639","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1475727,"name":"Daniel J. Davis","orcid":"0000-0002-6087-9921","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":60,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:57:07.857542Z","pmid":"40679491","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}