{"doi":"10.1136/gut.40.4.505","title":"Effect of shigella enterotoxin 1 (ShET1) on rabbit intestine in vitro and in vivo.","abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Shigella enterotoxin 1 is a novel enterotoxin elaborated by Shigella flexneri 2a that causes fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops and a rise in short circuit current in Ussing chambers. AIMS: To gain insights into the mechanism of action of shigella enterotoxin 1. METHODS: Supernatants from genetically engineered clones either overexpressing shigella enterotoxin 1 or producing deletion mutants of the toxin were tested in rabbit ileum both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: In rabbit ileum shigella enterotoxin 1 induced an irreversible rise in short circuit current that was not mediated by any of the recognised intracellular mediators of secretion. Deletion of 90% of the A subunit of the holotoxin ablated its enterotoxicity. In the in vivo perfusion model, the toxin induced a time dependent decrease in water absorption, whereas no changes were detected in the segment perfused with supernatants obtained from the deletion mutant. Finally, partially purified toxin induced a dose dependent increment in short circuit current that reached its plateau at a toxin concentration of 4 x 10(-6) M. CONCLUSIONS: Shigella enterotoxin 1 induces a time and dose dependent intestinal secretion in the rabbit animal model, suggesting that it may be responsible for the watery phase of Shigella flexneri 2a infection.</jats:p>","journal":"Gut","year":1997,"id":649646,"datarank":0.6782682865573562,"base_score":4.5217885770490405,"endowment":4.5217885770490405,"self_citation_contribution":0.6782682865573562,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6782682865573562,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":91,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1693615,"name":"F R Noriega","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1693616,"name":"F M Liao","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1379860,"name":"W Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-2881-3412","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1693617,"name":"M M Levine","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1693613,"name":"A Fasano","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Effect of shigella enterotoxin 1 (ShET1) on rabbit intestine in vitro and in vivo.","abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Shigella enterotoxin 1 is a novel enterotoxin elaborated by Shigella flexneri 2a that causes fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops and a rise in short circuit current in Ussing chambers. AIMS: To gain insights into the mechanism of action of shigella enterotoxin 1. METHODS: Supernatants from genetically engineered clones either overexpressing shigella enterotoxin 1 or producing deletion mutants of the toxin were tested in rabbit ileum both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: In rabbit ileum shigella enterotoxin 1 induced an irreversible rise in short circuit current that was not mediated by any of the recognised intracellular mediators of secretion. Deletion of 90% of the A subunit of the holotoxin ablated its enterotoxicity. In the in vivo perfusion model, the toxin induced a time dependent decrease in water absorption, whereas no changes were detected in the segment perfused with supernatants obtained from the deletion mutant. Finally, partially purified toxin induced a dose dependent increment in short circuit current that reached its plateau at a toxin concentration of 4 x 10(-6) M. CONCLUSIONS: Shigella enterotoxin 1 induces a time and dose dependent intestinal secretion in the rabbit animal model, suggesting that it may be responsible for the watery phase of Shigella flexneri 2a infection.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.5217885770490405,"endowment":4.5217885770490405,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"9176079","pmcid":"PMC1027126","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2159258700","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"N01AI45251","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"1RO1DK48373","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"1RO1AI35740","title":null}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":1.9393,"citation_percentile":0.86669368,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":3},{"year":2013,"count":9},{"year":2014,"count":7},{"year":2015,"count":5},{"year":2016,"count":4},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":3},{"year":2019,"count":4},{"year":2020,"count":2},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2022,"count":3},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/40/4/505.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/40/4/505.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1136/gut.40.4.505","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.40.4.505","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9176079","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/40/4/505","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1027126","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Escherichia coli research studies","Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins","Cancer Research and Treatments","Animals","Bacterial Toxins","Diarrhea","Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","Dysentery, Bacillary","Electrophysiology","Enterotoxins","Ileum","Intestinal Absorption","Organ Culture Techniques","Rabbits","Shigella flexneri","Time Factors","Water"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Bacterial Toxins","Diarrhea","Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","Dysentery, Bacillary","Electrophysiology","Enterotoxins","Ileum","Intestinal Absorption","Organ Culture Techniques","Rabbits","Shigella flexneri","Time Factors","Water"],"keywords":["Shigella flexneri","Enterotoxin","Shigella","Microbiology","Toxin","In vivo","Biology","Secretion","Ileum","Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli","Escherichia coli","Biochemistry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T04:04:40.102851Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}