{"doi":"10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047199","title":"Cross-sectional study of correlates and prevalence of functional and high-risk multimorbidity in an academic HIV practice in New York City","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: People with HIV have high levels of multimorbidity, but studies often focus on high-risk comorbidities such as hypertension or coronary artery disease. We examined both high-risk and functional comorbidities in an ethnically diverse clinic population to compare the prevalence of comorbidities and different patterns of multimorbidity. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: University-based primary care HIV clinic with two locations in New York City. PARTICIPANTS: Patients who had been seen by a physician at least once between 1 June 2016 and 31 May 2017. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Data regarding demographics, diagnoses and lab values were downloaded in a one-time data import from the electronic medical record. Comorbidities were classified as high-risk (with major impact on mortality) or functional (with major impact on function), and multimorbidity was determined for both classes in the total sample of 2751. Factors associated with high-risk and functional multimorbidity were determined first through bivariate analysis and then through multivariable median regression in 2013 patients with complete data. RESULTS: Median age was 52 years (IQR 43-59). Cisgendered women comprised 24.6% of the sample, and 31.7% were African-American. Both functional and high-risk comorbidities were common and risk increased with age. Among those 75 and older, median number of both functional and high-risk comorbidities was 3 (IQR 2-4). High-risk comorbidities were associated with age (p<0.001), more years with an HIV diagnosis (p<0.001) and being an African-American (p<0.001). Associated with a higher number of functional comorbidities were age (p<0.001), being a cisgender female (p<0.001), being Hispanic (p=0.01) and more years with an HIV diagnosis (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidities with functional impact increase with age in parallel to those with a more direct impact on mortality and should be assessed and monitored, especially as the population with HIV ages.","journal":"BMJ Open","year":2021,"id":211223,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6299,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":623514,"name":"Jerad Moxley","orcid":"0000-0002-4362-9963","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":503035,"name":"Elizabeth Mauer","orcid":"0000-0003-2870-7377","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":298226,"name":"Marshall J. Glesby","orcid":"0000-0002-2145-148X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":694888,"name":"Eugenia L. Siegler","orcid":"0000-0001-9449-5873","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:52:16.049481Z","pmid":"34380723","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}