{"doi":"10.1128/mbio.00852-20","title":"ISG15 Connects Autophagy and IFN-γ-Dependent Control of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Human Cells","abstract":"Interferon(s) provide the primary defense against intracellular pathogens, a property ascribed to their ability to upregulate interferon-stimulated genes. Due to the sequestered niche occupied by Toxoplasma gondii , the host has elaborated intricate ways to target the parasite within its vacuole. One such mechanism is the recognition by a noncanonical autophagy pathway that envelops the parasite-containing vacuole and stunts growth in human cells. Remarkably, autophagy-dependent growth restriction requires interferon-γ, yet none of the classical components of autophagy are induced by interferon. Our studies draw a connection between these pathways by demonstrating that the antiviral protein ISG15, which is normally upregulated by interferons, links the autophagy-mediated control to ubiquitination of the vacuole. These findings suggest a similar link between interferon-γ signaling and autophagy that may underlie defense against other intracellular pathogens.","journal":"mBio","year":2020,"id":60274,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":63,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9474,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":317858,"name":"Joshua B. Radke","orcid":"0000-0002-5215-1463","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317859,"name":"Yi-Chieh Perng","orcid":"0000-0001-6996-0155","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230328,"name":"Michael R. McAllaster","orcid":"0000-0001-9729-7290","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":274234,"name":"Deborah J. Lenschow","orcid":"0000-0002-9400-5309","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":217934,"name":"Herbert W. Virgin","orcid":"0000-0001-8580-7628","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317860,"name":"L. David Sibley","orcid":"0000-0001-7110-0285","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317857,"name":"Jaya Bhushan","orcid":"0000-0002-8843-975X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":83,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:08:47.852401Z","pmid":"33024031","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}