{"doi":"10.1128/jvi.01367-22","title":"Structural Studies Reveal that Endosomal Cations Promote Formation of Infectious Coxsackievirus A9 A-Particles, Facilitating RNA and VP4 Release","abstract":"Coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9) is a common cause of meningitis and neonatal sepsis. The triggers and mode of action of RNA release into the cell unusually do not require receptor interaction. Rather, a slow process in the endosome, independent of low pH, is required. Here, we show by biophysical separation, cryogenic electron microscopy, and image reconstruction that albumin and buffers mimicking the endosomal ion composition can separately and together expand and prime CVA9 for uncoating. Furthermore, we show in these expanded particles that VP4 is present at only ~10% of the occupancy found in the virion, VP1 is externalized, and the genome is repelled by the negatively charged, repulsive inner surface of the capsid that occurs due to the expansion. Thus, we can now link observations from cell biology of infection with the physical processes that occur in the capsid to promote genome uncoating.","journal":"Journal of Virology","year":2022,"id":274722,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9529,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":943270,"name":"Zlatka Plavec","orcid":"0000-0002-3335-3369","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943271,"name":"Visa Ruokolainen","orcid":"0000-0001-6805-0336","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943771,"name":"Benita Löflund","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943272,"name":"Varpu Marjomäki","orcid":"0000-0002-4592-5926","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943273,"name":"Sarah J. Butcher","orcid":"0000-0001-7060-5871","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":943269,"name":"Aušra Domanska","orcid":"0000-0002-3772-6003","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":71,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:28:12.324621Z","pmid":"36448797","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}