{"doi":"10.1128/jvi.00652-23","title":"Analysis of the Contribution of 6-mer Seed Toxicity to HIV-1-Induced Cytopathicity","abstract":"Several mechanisms by which initial HIV infection is cytotoxic to infected cells have been reported and involve various forms of cell death. Characterizing the mechanisms underlying the long-term survival of certain T cells that become persistent provirus reservoirs is critical to developing a cure. We recently discovered death induced by survival gene elimination (DISE), an RNAi-based mechanism of cell death whereby toxic short RNAs (sRNAs) containing 6-mer seed sequences (exerting 6-mer seed toxicity) targeting essential survival genes are loaded into RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) complexes, resulting in inescapable cell death. We now report that HIV infection in cells with low miRNA expression causes a shift of mostly cellular RISC-bound sRNAs to more toxic seeds. This could prime cells to DISE and is further enhanced by the viral microRNA (miRNA) HIV-miR-TAR-3p, which carries a toxic noncanonical 6-mer seed. Our data provide multiple new avenues to explore novel cell death mechanisms that could be used to kill latent HIV.","journal":"Journal of Virology","year":2023,"id":360782,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9522,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":329242,"name":"Harry E. Taylor","orcid":"0000-0002-5045-2748","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":263030,"name":"Thomas J. Hope","orcid":"0000-0001-7183-8319","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":329248,"name":"Richard T. D’Aquila","orcid":"0000-0002-9653-5987","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344357,"name":"Elizabeth T. Bartom","orcid":"0000-0002-5618-2582","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":36741,"name":"Judd F. Hultquist","orcid":"0000-0001-6424-4280","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":712770,"name":"Marcus E. Peter","orcid":"0000-0003-3216-036X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":990977,"name":"Aparajitha Vaidyanathan","orcid":"0000-0002-5885-7395","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":101,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:06.433417Z","pmid":"37310263","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}