{"doi":"10.1128/jvi.00634-22","title":"Endogenous Retroviruses Augment Amphibian (Xenopus laevis) Tadpole Antiviral Protection","abstract":"Global amphibian biodiversity is being challenged by pathogens like the Frog Virus 3 (FV3) ranavirus, underlining the need to gain a greater understanding of amphibian antiviral defenses. While it was previously believed that anuran (frog/toad) amphibian tadpoles are more susceptible to FV3, we demonstrated that tadpoles are in fact more resistant to this virus than metamorphic and postmetamorphic froglets. We showed that this resistance is conferred by large myeloid cells within the tadpole kidneys (central FV3 target), which possess an elevated expression of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). In turn, these ERVs activate cellular double-stranded RNA-sensing pathways, resulting in a greater expression of antiviral interferon cytokines, thereby offering the observed anti-FV3 protection.","journal":"Journal of Virology","year":2022,"id":290031,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9598,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":972500,"name":"Kelsey A. Hauser","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":972060,"name":"Sarah Burton","orcid":"0000-0003-3077-6304","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":827858,"name":"Muhammad Riadul Haque Hossainey","orcid":"0000-0003-4780-7509","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":972501,"name":"Mira Zelle","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":332033,"name":"Marko E. Horb","orcid":"0000-0002-5067-0518","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":972061,"name":"Leon Grayfer","orcid":"0000-0002-1144-4884","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":972059,"name":"Namarta Kalia","orcid":"0000-0002-7132-8543","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":60,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:30:26.667578Z","pmid":"35575553","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}