{"doi":"10.1128/jvi.00160-21","title":"Elevated HIV Infection of CD4 T Cells in MRKAd5 Vaccine Recipients Due to CD8 T Cells Targeting Adapted Epitopes","abstract":"Despite the well-established contribution of CD8 T cells in HIV control, prior CD8 T cell-based HIV vaccines have failed to demonstrate any efficacy in preventing viral infection. One such vaccine, known as the MRKAd5 vaccine, showed a potential increased risk of viral infection among vaccine recipients. However, the underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. In this study, we observed that vaccine recipients with high adaptation to their HLA-I alleles were associated with an increased HIV infection risk in comparison to the others. Similar to what we observed in HIV infection in the prior study, adapted epitope-specific CD8 T cells obtained from vaccine recipients exhibit a greater capacity in facilitating viral infection by promoting dendritic cell maturation. Our findings provide a possible explanation for the enhanced viral acquisition risk among MRKAd5 vaccine recipients and highlight the importance of optimizing vaccine design with consideration of HLA-I-associated HIV adaptation.","journal":"Journal of Virology","year":2021,"id":201258,"datarank":0.31191623125197543,"base_score":2.0794415416798357,"endowment":2.0794415416798357,"self_citation_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.31191623125197543,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9467,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":779626,"name":"Sushma Boppana","orcid":"0000-0003-1525-0523","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292658,"name":"Jonathan M. Carlson","orcid":"0000-0001-6618-3653","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":302714,"name":"Andrew Fioré-Gartland","orcid":"0000-0001-7627-2166","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":779627,"name":"Jacob K. Files","orcid":"0000-0003-4425-091X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":779628,"name":"Jie Zeng","orcid":"0000-0002-0283-2594","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":548969,"name":"Jeffrey C. Edberg","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":567473,"name":"Robbie B. Mailliard","orcid":"0000-0001-5501-503X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":496302,"name":"Christina Ochsenbauer","orcid":"0000-0003-1166-5879","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":385016,"name":"Anju Bansal","orcid":"0000-0002-8142-0386","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240555,"name":"Paul Goepfert","orcid":"0000-0001-8441-5737","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":700286,"name":"Kai Qin","orcid":"0000-0003-1721-6054","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:50:52.535403Z","pmid":"34076482","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}