{"doi":"10.1128/jvi.00026-06","title":"The Herpesvirus Capsid Surface Protein, VP26, and the Majority of the Tegument Proteins Are Dispensable for Capsid Transport toward the Nucleus","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Upon entering a cell, alphaherpesvirus capsids are transported toward the minus ends of microtubules and ultimately deposit virus DNA within the host nucleus. The virus proteins that mediate this centripetal transport are unknown but are expected to be either viral tegument proteins, which are a group of capsid-associated proteins, or a surface component of the capsid itself. Starting with derivatives of pseudorabies virus that encode a fluorescent protein fused to a structural component of the virus, we have made a collection of 12 mutant viruses that lack either the VP26 capsid protein or an individual tegument protein. Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we tracked individual virus particles in axons following infection of primary sensory neurons. Quantitative analysis of the VP26-null virus indicates that this protein plays no observable role in capsid transport. Furthermore, viruses lacking tegument proteins that are nonessential for virus propagation in cell culture were also competent for axonal transport. These results indicate that a protein essential for viral propagation mediates transport of the capsid to the nucleus.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Virology","year":2006,"id":618076,"datarank":0.6610078870896381,"base_score":4.406719247264253,"endowment":4.406719247264253,"self_citation_contribution":0.6610078870896381,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6610078870896381,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":81,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1594236,"name":"George T. Shubeita","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252824,"name":"Kelly E. Coller","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1594238,"name":"Joy I. Lee","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1594240,"name":"Sarah Haverlock-Moyns","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294460,"name":"Steven P. Gross","orcid":"0000-0001-5992-1793","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":454414,"name":"Gregory A. Smith","orcid":"0000-0001-9644-8472","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":174078,"name":"Sarah E. 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Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we tracked individual virus particles in axons following infection of primary sensory neurons. Quantitative analysis of the VP26-null virus indicates that this protein plays no observable role in capsid transport. Furthermore, viruses lacking tegument proteins that are nonessential for virus propagation in cell culture were also competent for axonal transport. These results indicate that a protein essential for viral propagation mediates transport of the capsid to the nucleus.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.406719247264253,"endowment":4.406719247264253,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"16699029","pmcid":"PMC1472179","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2129542883","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM064624","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 AI060523","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 GM 08061","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 AI 07476","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"1R01 AI 056346","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 AI056346","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 AI007476","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"GM 64624-01","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 GM008061","title":null}],"total_grants":9,"fwci":4.4245,"citation_percentile":0.9474679,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":6},{"year":2013,"count":3},{"year":2014,"count":7},{"year":2015,"count":3},{"year":2016,"count":2},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":6},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":4},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":3},{"year":2024,"count":3},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":"https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"http://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00026-06","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00026-06","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JVI.00026-06","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00026-06","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16699029","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments","Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies","Animals","Biological Transport","Capsid Proteins","Carrier Proteins","Cell Line","Cell Nucleus","Herpesviridae","Microtubules","Nuclear Proteins","Swine"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Biological Transport","Carrier Proteins","Cell Line","Cell Nucleus","Herpesviridae","Microtubules","Nuclear Proteins","Swine","Capsid Proteins"],"keywords":["Capsid","Viral tegument","Biology","Cell biology","Virus","Pseudorabies","Virology","Herpes simplex virus","Transport protein"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-03T03:25:08.002508Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}