{"doi":"10.1128/jb.187.14.4992-4999.2005","title":"The Genome of<i>Sulfolobus acidocaldarius</i>, a Model Organism of the<i>Crenarchaeota</i>","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Sulfolobus acidocaldarius</jats:italic>is an aerobic thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon which grows optimally at 80°C and pH 2 in terrestrial solfataric springs. Here, we describe the genome sequence of strain DSM639, which has been used for many seminal studies on archaeal and crenarchaeal biology. The circular genome carries 2,225,959 bp (37% G+C) with 2,292 predicted protein-encoding genes. Many of the smaller genes were identified for the first time on the basis of comparison of three<jats:italic>Sulfolobus</jats:italic>genome sequences. Of the protein-coding genes, 305 are exclusive to<jats:italic>S. acidocaldarius</jats:italic>and 866 are specific to the<jats:italic>Sulfolobus</jats:italic>genus. Moreover, 82 genes for untranslated RNAs were identified and annotated. Owing to the probable absence of active autonomous and nonautonomous mobile elements, the genome stability and organization of<jats:italic>S. acidocaldarius</jats:italic>differ radically from those of<jats:italic>Sulfolobus solfataricus</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Sulfolobus tokodaii</jats:italic>. The<jats:italic>S. acidocaldarius</jats:italic>genome contains an integrated, and probably encaptured, pARN-type conjugative plasmid which may facilitate intercellular chromosomal gene exchange in<jats:italic>S. acidocaldarius</jats:italic>. Moreover, it contains genes for a characteristic restriction modification system, a UV damage excision repair system, thermopsin, and an aromatic ring dioxygenase, all of which are absent from genomes of other<jats:italic>Sulfolobus</jats:italic>species. However, it lacks genes for some of their sugar transporters, consistent with it growing on a more limited range of carbon sources. These results, together with the many newly identified protein-coding genes for<jats:italic>Sulfolobus</jats:italic>, are incorporated into a public<jats:italic>Sulfolobus</jats:italic>database which can be accessed at<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"url\" xlink:href=\"http://dac.molbio.ku.dk/dbs/Sulfolobus\">http://dac.molbio.ku.dk/dbs/Sulfolobus</jats:ext-link>.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Bacteriology","year":2005,"id":19647,"datarank":11.45428438664756,"base_score":5.713732805509369,"endowment":5.713732805509369,"self_citation_contribution":0.8570599208264055,"citation_network_contribution":10.597224465821155,"self_endowment_contribution":0.8570599208264055,"citer_contribution":10.597224465821155,"corpus_percentile":82.2,"corpus_rank":240,"citation_count":302,"citer_count":200,"citers_with_citation_signal":200,"citers_with_endowment":200,"datacite_reuse_total":2,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":132407,"name":"Kim Brügger","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132408,"name":"Marie Skovgaard","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132409,"name":"Peter Redder","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132410,"name":"Qunxin She","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132411,"name":"Elfar Torarinsson","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132412,"name":"Bo Greve","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132413,"name":"Mariana Awayez","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132414,"name":"Arne Zibat","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":52304,"name":"Hans-Peter Klenk","orcid":"0000-0003-0586-162X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132415,"name":"Roger A. Garrett","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":132406,"name":"Lanming Chen","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":5.713732805509369,"endowment":5.713732805509369,"datacite_reuse_total":2,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"15995215","pmcid":"PMC1169522","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2087583350","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":9.0969,"citation_percentile":0.98700324,"influential_citations":24,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":19},{"year":2013,"count":17},{"year":2014,"count":20},{"year":2015,"count":16},{"year":2016,"count":7},{"year":2017,"count":16},{"year":2018,"count":17},{"year":2019,"count":12},{"year":2020,"count":13},{"year":2021,"count":7},{"year":2022,"count":13},{"year":2023,"count":3},{"year":2024,"count":8},{"year":2025,"count":10},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc1169522?pdf=render","host_type":"GREEN"},{"url":"https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JB.187.14.4992-4999.2005","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.14.4992-4999.2005","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15995215","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1169522","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/042818d0-6c37-11dc-bee9-02004c4f4f50","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology","Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","Medicine","Biology","Environmental Science","Base Sequence","Chromosome Mapping","DNA Replication","DNA, Archaeal","DNA, Circular","Genome, Archaeal","Genome, Bacterial","Models, Genetic","Molecular Sequence Data","Restriction Mapping","Sulfolobus acidocaldarius"],"mesh_terms":["Base Sequence","Chromosome Mapping","DNA Replication","DNA, Circular","Models, Genetic","Molecular Sequence Data","Restriction Mapping","Genome, Bacterial","Sulfolobus acidocaldarius","DNA, Archaeal","Genome, Archaeal"],"keywords":["Sulfolobus acidocaldarius","Sulfolobus","Sulfolobus solfataricus","Biology","Crenarchaeota","Archaea","Genetics","Gene","Genome"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.20472619.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Flow cytometry-based viability staining: an at-line tool for bioprocess monitoring of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"},{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.20472619","title":"Additional file 1 of Flow cytometry-based viability staining: an at-line tool for bioprocess monitoring of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius","publisher":"figshare","resource_type":"JournalArticle"}],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"gen"},{"name":"pfam"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-04T05:12:12.118395Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}