{"doi":"10.1128/iai.7.3.373-379.1973","title":"Studies on the Virulence of\n            <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>\n            I. Relation of Colonial Morphology and Resistance to Phagocytosis by Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes","abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Colonial varieties of\n            <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</jats:italic>\n            that are associated with virulence, types 1 and 2, were more resistant to phagocytosis by rabbit exudative polymorphonuclear leukocytes than colonial types of lesser virulence, types 3 and 4. Type 1 bacteria were resistant and type 4 gonococci were susceptible to phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Recent local type 1 isolates were similar in resistance to type 1 organisms of a standard laboratory strain (F62). Living and Formalin-treated, heat-killed, type 1 gonococci were equally resistant to phagocytosis. The antiphagocytic property of virulent colonial types was independent of leukotoxic action. Phagocytosis of both type 1 and type 4 gonococci by rabbit and human leukocytes was bactericidal. Rabbit leukocytes were superior to human leukocytes in killing gonococci. The results suggest that\n            <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae</jats:italic>\n            has virulence properties similar to those of extracellular bacterial pathogens, i.e., virulence is associated with antiphagocytic properties.\n          </jats:p>","journal":"Infection and Immunity","year":1973,"id":31623,"datarank":8.856000128502192,"base_score":4.532599493153256,"endowment":4.532599493153256,"self_citation_contribution":0.6798899239729885,"citation_network_contribution":8.176110204529204,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6798899239729885,"citer_contribution":8.176110204529204,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":92,"citer_count":86,"citers_with_citation_signal":82,"citers_with_endowment":82,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":126150,"name":"William D. Sawyer","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":169083,"name":"Chaufah Thongthai","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.532599493153256,"endowment":4.532599493153256,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"4197389","pmcid":"PMC422687","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2131785145","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":14.0906,"citation_percentile":0.99488491,"influential_citations":2,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":1},{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/7/3/373.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/7/3/373.full.pdf","host_type":"BRONZE"},{"url":"https://iai.asm.org/content/iai/7/3/373.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/iai.7.3.373-379.1973","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.7.3.373-379.1973","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4197389","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/422687","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Bacterial Infections and Vaccines","Reproductive tract infections research","Otolaryngology and Infectious Diseases","Medicine","Biology"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Bacteriological Techniques","Blood Bactericidal Activity","Exudates and Transudates","Humans","Leukocytes","Neisseria gonorrhoeae","Phagocytosis","Rabbits","Virulence"],"keywords":["Phagocytosis","Virulence","Neisseria gonorrhoeae","Microbiology","Biology","Neisseria","Bacteria","Gene"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-09T07:49:17.339436Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}