{"doi":"10.1128/cdli.6.1.1-5.1999","title":"Differentiation between<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>BCG-Vaccinated and<i>M. bovis</i>-Infected Cattle by Using Recombinant Mycobacterial Antigens","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculosis continues to be a worldwide problem for both humans and animals. The development of tests to differentiate between infection with<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic>or<jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis</jats:italic>and vaccination with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>BCG could greatly assist in the diagnosis of early infection as well as enhance the use of tuberculosis vaccines on a wider scale. Recombinant forms of four major secreted proteins of<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>—MPB59, MPB64, MPB70, and ESAT-6—were tested in a whole-blood gamma interferon (IFN-γ) assay for differentiation between cattle vaccinated with BCG and those experimentally infected with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>. BCG vaccination induced minimal protection in the present study, with similar numbers of animals infected with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>in BCG-vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups. Following vaccination with BCG, the animals produced moderate IFN-γ responses to bovine purified protein derivative (PPDB) but very weak responses to the recombinant antigens. Cattle from both the BCG-vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups which were<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>culture positive following challenge produced IFN-γ responses to PPDB and ESAT-6 which were significantly stronger than those observed in the corresponding<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>culture-negative animals. IFN-γ responses to MPB59, MPB64, and MPB70 were significantly weaker, and these antigens could not discriminate between vaccinated animals which develop disease and the culture-negative animals. The results of the study indicate that of the four antigens tested in the IFN-γ assay, only ESAT-6 would be suitable for differentiating BCG-vaccinated animals from those infected with bovine tuberculosis.</jats:p>","journal":"Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology","year":1999,"id":591529,"datarank":7.193486150173354,"base_score":4.948759890378168,"endowment":4.948759890378168,"self_citation_contribution":0.7423139835567254,"citation_network_contribution":6.451172166616629,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7423139835567254,"citer_contribution":6.451172166616629,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":140,"citer_count":99,"citers_with_citation_signal":90,"citers_with_endowment":90,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1513449,"name":"Natalie A. Parlane","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1513450,"name":"Denise L. Keen","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1513451,"name":"Frank E. Aldwell","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1513452,"name":"John M. Pollock","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1513453,"name":"Ken Lightbody","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":302720,"name":"Peter Andersen","orcid":"0000-0002-5869-2551","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1513448,"name":"Bryce M. Buddle","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Differentiation between<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>BCG-Vaccinated and<i>M. bovis</i>-Infected Cattle by Using Recombinant Mycobacterial Antigens","abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculosis continues to be a worldwide problem for both humans and animals. The development of tests to differentiate between infection with<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</jats:italic>or<jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis</jats:italic>and vaccination with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>BCG could greatly assist in the diagnosis of early infection as well as enhance the use of tuberculosis vaccines on a wider scale. Recombinant forms of four major secreted proteins of<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>—MPB59, MPB64, MPB70, and ESAT-6—were tested in a whole-blood gamma interferon (IFN-γ) assay for differentiation between cattle vaccinated with BCG and those experimentally infected with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>. BCG vaccination induced minimal protection in the present study, with similar numbers of animals infected with<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>in BCG-vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups. Following vaccination with BCG, the animals produced moderate IFN-γ responses to bovine purified protein derivative (PPDB) but very weak responses to the recombinant antigens. Cattle from both the BCG-vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups which were<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>culture positive following challenge produced IFN-γ responses to PPDB and ESAT-6 which were significantly stronger than those observed in the corresponding<jats:italic>M. bovis</jats:italic>culture-negative animals. IFN-γ responses to MPB59, MPB64, and MPB70 were significantly weaker, and these antigens could not discriminate between vaccinated animals which develop disease and the culture-negative animals. The results of the study indicate that of the four antigens tested in the IFN-γ assay, only ESAT-6 would be suitable for differentiating BCG-vaccinated animals from those infected with bovine tuberculosis.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.948759890378168,"endowment":4.948759890378168,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"9874655","pmcid":"PMC95651","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2113008350","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":5.9577,"citation_percentile":0.97013284,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":4},{"year":2013,"count":4},{"year":2014,"count":6},{"year":2015,"count":6},{"year":2016,"count":5},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":2},{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2020,"count":3},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":3},{"year":2025,"count":3}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://cvi.asm.org/content/cdli/6/1/1.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://cvi.asm.org/content/cdli/6/1/1.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/CDLI.6.1.1-5.1999","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.1.1-5.1999","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9874655","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","Immune responses and vaccinations"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Antigens, Bacterial","BCG Vaccine","Cattle","Humans","Interferon-gamma","Mycobacterium bovis","Recombinant Proteins","Tuberculin","Tuberculosis, Bovine","In Vitro Techniques"],"keywords":["Mycobacterium bovis","Vaccination","Tuberculosis","Antigen","Virology","Recombinant DNA","Interferon gamma","Mycobacterium tuberculosis","BCG vaccine","Biology","Microbiology","Immunology","Medicine","Immune system","Pathology"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Reduced inequalities"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-25T17:22:15.362003Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}