{"doi":"10.1126/scitranslmed.ade9078","title":"Comparing antibody assays as correlates of protection against COVID-19 in the COVE mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy trial","abstract":"The best assay or marker to define mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies as a correlate of protection (CoP) is unclear. In the COVE trial, participants received two doses of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine or placebo. We previously assessed IgG binding antibodies to the spike protein (spike IgG) or receptor binding domain (RBD IgG) and pseudovirus neutralizing antibody 50 or 80% inhibitory dilution titer measured on day 29 or day 57, as correlates of risk (CoRs) and CoPs against symptomatic COVID-19 over 4 months after dose. Here, we assessed a new marker, live virus 50% microneutralization titer (LV-MN 50 ), and compared and combined markers in multivariable analyses. LV-MN 50 was an inverse CoR, with a hazard ratio of 0.39 (95% confidence interval, 0.19 to 0.83) at day 29 and 0.51 (95% confidence interval, 0.25 to 1.04) at day 57 per 10-fold increase. In multivariable analyses, pseudovirus neutralization titers and anti-spike binding antibodies performed best as CoRs; combining antibody markers did not improve correlates. Pseudovirus neutralization titer was the strongest independent correlate in a multivariable model. Overall, these results supported pseudovirus neutralizing and binding antibody assays as CoRs and CoPs, with the live virus assay as a weaker correlate in this sample set. Day 29 markers performed as well as day 57 markers as CoPs, which could accelerate immunogenicity and immunobridging studies.","journal":"Science Translational Medicine","year":2023,"id":320572,"datarank":1.309413681118158,"base_score":3.8918202981106265,"endowment":3.8918202981106265,"self_citation_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citation_network_contribution":0.725640636401564,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citer_contribution":0.725640636401564,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":48,"citer_count":25,"citers_with_citation_signal":17,"citers_with_endowment":17,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9556,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT04470427"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":103755,"name":"David C. 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