{"doi":"10.1126/sciimmunol.ade6924","title":"Sulfated bile acid is a host-derived ligand for MAIT cells","abstract":"Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that recognize bacterial riboflavin–based metabolites as activating antigens. Although MAIT cells are found in tissues, it is unknown whether any host tissue–derived antigens exist. Here, we report that a sulfated bile acid, cholic acid 7-sulfate (CA7S), binds the nonclassical MHC class I protein MR1 and is recognized by MAIT cells. CA7S is a host-derived metabolite whose levels were reduced by more than 98% in germ-free mice. Deletion of the sulfotransferase 2a family of enzymes ( Sult2a1-8 ) responsible for CA7S synthesis reduced the number of thymic MAIT cells in mice. Moreover, recognition of CA7S induced MAIT cell survival and the expression of a homeostatic gene signature. By contrast, recognition of a previously described foreign antigen, 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6- d -ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), drove MAIT cell proliferation and the expression of inflammatory genes. Thus, CA7S is an endogenous antigen for MAIT cells, which promotes their development and function.","journal":"Science Immunology","year":2024,"id":417432,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":69,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9534,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1105770,"name":"Shinsuke Inuki","orcid":"0000-0002-7525-1280","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":820111,"name":"Yoshihiro Izumi","orcid":"0000-0003-4608-4652","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":934689,"name":"Masatomo Takahashi","orcid":"0000-0002-2493-2684","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1203702,"name":"Yuki Dambayashi","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1076103,"name":"Lisa Ciacchi","orcid":"0000-0001-9130-7718","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292887,"name":"Wael Awad","orcid":"0000-0002-7597-2133","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1203703,"name":"Ami Takeyama","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":754574,"name":"Kensuke Shibata","orcid":"0000-0001-8794-7368","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1203704,"name":"Shotaro Mori","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293172,"name":"Jeffrey Y. W. Mak","orcid":"0000-0002-8011-4539","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293174,"name":"David P. Fairlie","orcid":"0000-0002-7856-8566","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":820112,"name":"Takeshi Bamba","orcid":"0000-0002-7442-2738","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459020,"name":"Eri Ishikawa","orcid":"0000-0002-4922-6751","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":932079,"name":"Masamichi Nagae","orcid":"0000-0002-5470-3807","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":256186,"name":"Jamie Rossjohn","orcid":"0000-0002-2020-7522","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459021,"name":"Sho Yamasaki","orcid":"0000-0002-5184-6917","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1203075,"name":"E. Ito","orcid":"0009-0001-0785-0679","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":92,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:56:50.743370Z","pmid":"38277465","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}