{"doi":"10.1126/sciimmunol.abi4613","title":"Transforming growth factor–β1 in regulatory T cell biology","abstract":"Transforming growth factor–β1 (TGF-β1) is inextricably linked to regulatory T cell (T reg ) biology. However, precisely untangling the role for TGF-β1 in T reg differentiation and function is complicated by the pleiotropic and context-dependent activity of this cytokine and the multifaceted biology of T regs . Among CD4 + T cells, T regs are the major producers of latent TGF-β1 and are uniquely able to activate this cytokine via expression of cell surface docking receptor glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) and αv integrins. Although a preponderance of evidence indicates no essential roles for T reg -derived TGF-β1 in T reg immunosuppression, TGF-β1 signaling is crucial for T reg development in the thymus and periphery. Furthermore, active TGF-β1 instructs the differentiation of other T cell subsets, including T H 17 cells. Here, we will review TGF-β1 signaling in T reg development and function and discuss knowledge gaps, future research, and the TGF-β1/T reg axis in the context of cancer immunotherapy and fibrosis.","journal":"Science Immunology","year":2022,"id":232227,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":233,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9567,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":772937,"name":"Maria Velegraki","orcid":"0000-0003-3062-9777","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":318815,"name":"Chelsea Bolyard","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254162,"name":"Michael D. Rosenblum","orcid":"0000-0002-0462-5732","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270306,"name":"Zihai Li","orcid":"0000-0003-4603-927X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310599,"name":"J. Moreau","orcid":"0000-0002-1227-1508","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":175,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:21:12.348693Z","pmid":"35302863","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}