{"doi":"10.1126/sciimmunol.abg4176","title":"CD36 family members are TCR-independent ligands for CD1 antigen–presenting molecules","abstract":"CD1c presents lipid-based antigens to CD1c-restricted T cells, which are thought to be a major component of the human T cell pool. However, the study of CD1c-restricted T cells is hampered by the presence of an abundantly expressed, non-T cell receptor (TCR) ligand for CD1c on blood cells, confounding analysis of TCR-mediated CD1c tetramer staining. Here, we identified the CD36 family (CD36, SR-B1, and LIMP-2) as ligands for CD1c, CD1b, and CD1d proteins and showed that CD36 is the receptor responsible for non-TCR-mediated CD1c tetramer staining of blood cells. Moreover, CD36 blockade clarified tetramer-based identification of CD1c-restricted T cells and improved identification of CD1b- and CD1d-restricted T cells. We used this technique to characterize CD1c-restricted T cells ex vivo and showed diverse phenotypic features, TCR repertoire, and antigen-specific subsets. Accordingly, this work will enable further studies into the biology of CD1 and human CD1-restricted T cells.","journal":"Science Immunology","year":2021,"id":161351,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":26,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9538,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":675822,"name":"Samuel J. Redmond","orcid":"0000-0003-4993-1669","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293166,"name":"Hamish E. G. McWilliam","orcid":"0000-0003-3479-3419","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675823,"name":"Catarina F. Almeida","orcid":"0000-0002-3393-4411","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675824,"name":"Katherine H. A. Gourley","orcid":"0000-0002-5942-0910","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675825,"name":"Rebecca Seneviratna","orcid":"0000-0003-3771-2936","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675826,"name":"Shihan Li","orcid":"0000-0003-3207-7064","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675827,"name":"Robert De Rose","orcid":"0000-0003-4316-3910","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":676361,"name":"Fiona Ross","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675828,"name":"Catriona V. Nguyen-Robertson","orcid":"0000-0001-8751-4503","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675829,"name":"Shian Su","orcid":"0000-0003-0800-3567","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":31865,"name":"Matthew E. Ritchie","orcid":"0000-0002-7383-0609","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293175,"name":"Jóse A. Villadangos","orcid":"0000-0001-6771-8891","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312635,"name":"D. Branch Moody","orcid":"0000-0003-2306-3058","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675830,"name":"Daniel G. Pellicci","orcid":"0000-0001-5305-2398","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675831,"name":"Adam P. Uldrich","orcid":"0000-0002-6350-5976","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675832,"name":"Dale I. Godfrey","orcid":"0000-0002-3009-5472","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":675821,"name":"Nicholas A. Gherardin","orcid":"0000-0003-4690-2571","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":54,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:44:52.299342Z","pmid":"34172588","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}