{"doi":"10.1126/science.ads7954","title":"“Kiss-shrink-run” unifies mechanisms for synaptic vesicle exocytosis and hyperfast recycling","abstract":"Synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis underpins neuronal communication, yet its nanoscale dynamics remain poorly understood owing to limitations in visualizing rapid events in situ. Here, we used optogenetics-coupled, time-resolved cryo-electron tomography to capture SV exocytosis in rat hippocampal synapses. Within 4 milliseconds of synaptic activation, SVs transiently \"kiss\" the plasma membrane, forming a ~4-nanometer lipidic fusion pore flanked by putative soluble NSF-attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complexes and then rapidly \"shrink\" to approximately half of their original surface area. By 70 milliseconds, most shrunken SVs recycle via a \"run-away\" pathway, whereas others collapse into the presynaptic membrane. Ultrafast endocytosis retrieves the expanded presynaptic membrane after 100 milliseconds. These findings reveal a \"kiss-shrink-run\" mechanism of SV exocytosis and hyperfast recycling, reconciling conflicting models and elucidating the efficiency and fidelity of synaptic transmission.","journal":"Science","year":2025,"id":511111,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":17,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9538,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":708450,"name":"Chong-Li Tian","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270830,"name":"Yun-Tao Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-2577-1859","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368352,"name":"Zhen-Hang Lu","orcid":"0009-0004-8376-4360","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1004929,"name":"Lei Qi","orcid":"0000-0002-1312-5764","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270836,"name":"Xiaowei Li","orcid":"0000-0001-6237-599X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368353,"name":"Chao Li","orcid":"0009-0006-0495-3038","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368354,"name":"Xuefeng Shen","orcid":"0000-0003-4401-3025","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368355,"name":"Minling Gu","orcid":"0009-0004-1182-5101","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368956,"name":"Wen-Lan Huang","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368356,"name":"Shuo Liu","orcid":"0009-0006-4406-9773","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368957,"name":"Lei-Qing Yang","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368958,"name":"Zhenghan Liao","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245744,"name":"Xiaomin Ma","orcid":"0009-0006-0458-5132","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368357,"name":"Jing Wu","orcid":"0000-0001-9020-4290","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368358,"name":"Jianyuan Sun","orcid":"0000-0001-9118-392X","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1368359,"name":"Peiyi Wang","orcid":"0000-0001-7737-181X","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270837,"name":"Pak-Ming Lau","orcid":"0000-0001-9026-5501","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266761,"name":"Z. Hong Zhou","orcid":"0000-0002-8373-4717","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255652,"name":"Guo‐Qiang Bi","orcid":"0000-0001-8735-3818","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270831,"name":"Chang-Lu Tao","orcid":"0000-0003-0236-7239","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":81,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:47:50.575618Z","pmid":"41100620","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}