{"doi":"10.1126/science.adk1679","title":"A chemogenetic screen reveals that Trpv1-expressing neurons control regulatory T cells in the gut","abstract":"Neuroimmune cross-talk participates in intestinal tissue homeostasis and host defense. However, the matrix of interactions between arrays of molecularly defined neuron subsets and of immunocyte lineages remains unclear. We used a chemogenetic approach to activate eight distinct neuronal subsets, assessing effects by deep immunophenotyping, microbiome profiling, and immunocyte transcriptomics in intestinal organs. Distinct immune perturbations followed neuronal activation: Nitrergic neurons regulated T helper 17 (T H 17)–like cells, and cholinergic neurons regulated neutrophils. Nociceptor neurons, expressing Trpv1, elicited the broadest immunomodulation, inducing changes in innate lymphocytes, macrophages, and RORγ + regulatory T (T reg ) cells. Neuroanatomical, genetic, and pharmacological follow-up showed that Trpv1 + neurons in dorsal root ganglia decreased T reg cell numbers via the neuropeptide calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP). Given the role of these neurons in nociception, these data potentially link pain signaling with gut T reg cell function.","journal":"Science","year":2024,"id":416748,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":103,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9508,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":330598,"name":"Kimberly A. Meerschaert","orcid":"0000-0001-6049-8494","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":552214,"name":"Silvia Galván-Peña","orcid":"0000-0003-1639-2048","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1020493,"name":"Na‐Ryum Bin","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":842289,"name":"Daping Yang","orcid":"0000-0002-3104-1943","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":451130,"name":"Himanish Basu","orcid":"0000-0001-8236-1157","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1201323,"name":"Ryo Kawamoto","orcid":"0009-0001-5819-5547","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1201987,"name":"Amre Shalaby","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238337,"name":"Stephen D. Liberles","orcid":"0000-0002-2177-9741","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37333,"name":"Diane Mathis","orcid":"0000-0002-6110-4626","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":18715,"name":"Christophe Benoıst","orcid":"0000-0003-1172-6555","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40859,"name":"Isaac M. Chiu","orcid":"0000-0002-0723-4841","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":994165,"name":"Yangyang Zhu","orcid":"0000-0002-2983-2893","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":119,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:56:44.873714Z","pmid":"39088603","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}