{"doi":"10.1126/science.adf8231","title":"Structure and mechanism of the plant RNA polymerase V","abstract":"In addition to the conserved RNA polymerases I to III (Pols I to III) in eukaryotes, two atypical polymerases, Pols IV and V, specifically produce noncoding RNA in the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway in plants. Here, we report on the structures of cauliflower Pol V in the free and elongation conformations. A conserved tyrosine residue of NRPE2 stacks with a double-stranded DNA branch of the transcription bubble to potentially attenuate elongation by inducing transcription stalling. The nontemplate DNA strand is captured by NRPE2 to enhance backtracking, thereby increasing 3'-5' cleavage, which likely underpins Pol V's high fidelity. The structures also illuminate the mechanism of Pol V transcription stalling and enhanced backtracking, which may be important for Pol V's retention on chromatin to serve its function in tethering downstream factors for RNA-directed DNA methylation.","journal":"Science","year":2023,"id":331149,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":30,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9586,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":912219,"name":"Xuan Du","orcid":"0000-0001-9589-3566","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":563006,"name":"Hongmiao Hu","orcid":"0000-0002-3086-3072","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":274775,"name":"Sisi Li","orcid":"0000-0002-7290-8128","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":56208,"name":"Xiaofeng Cao","orcid":"0000-0001-9871-0753","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":225877,"name":"Steven E. Jacobsen","orcid":"0000-0001-9483-138X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":563008,"name":"Jiamu Du","orcid":"0000-0002-1337-0786","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":912222,"name":"Guohui Xie","orcid":"0000-0003-4734-9114","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":60,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:09:19.317824Z","pmid":"36893216","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}