{"doi":"10.1126/science.7678183","title":"Adipose Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: Direct Role in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance","abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been shown to have certain catabolic effects on fat cells and whole animals. An induction of TNF-α messenger RNA expression was observed in adipose tissue from four different rodent models of obesity and diabetes. TNF-α protein was also elevated locally and systemically. Neutralization of TNF-α in obese\n            <jats:italic>fa</jats:italic>\n            /\n            <jats:italic>fa</jats:italic>\n            rats caused a significant increase in the peripheral uptake of glucose in response to insulin. These results indicate a role for TNF-α in obesity and particularly in the insulin resistance and diabetes that often accompany obesity.\n          </jats:p>","journal":"Science","year":1993,"id":3745,"datarank":18.239944280159783,"base_score":8.912877287669296,"endowment":8.912877287669296,"self_citation_contribution":1.3369315931503947,"citation_network_contribution":16.903012687009387,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3369315931503947,"citer_contribution":16.903012687009387,"corpus_percentile":91.2,"corpus_rank":1768,"citation_count":7426,"citer_count":178,"citers_with_citation_signal":178,"citers_with_endowment":178,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1993-01-01","authors":[{"id":37945,"name":"Narinder S. Shargill","orcid":"0000-0003-1617-2416","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37946,"name":"Bruce M. Spiegelman","orcid":"0000-0002-7658-4802","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37947,"name":"Gökhan S. Hotamışlıgil","orcid":"0000-0003-2906-1897","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37944,"name":"Gökhan S. Hotamisligil","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":80,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}